formation of ions

Question 1

what are ions

Answer 1

charged particles - they can be single atoms (e.g. Cl-) or groups of atoms.

Question 2

why do atoms lose gain electrons

Answer 2

form ions, get a full outer shell like noble gases

Question 3

what happens when metal form ions

Answer 3

lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions

Question 4

what happens when non-metals form ions

Answer 4

gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions

Question 5

E.G. if 2 electrons are lost what is the charge

Answer 5

2+

Question 6

which elements most readily form ions

Answer 6

1, 2 ,6 and 7

Question 7

how many outer electrons do elements have in the same group

Answer 7

elements in the same group all have the same number of outer electrons

Question 8

how many ions do group 1 elements form

Answer 8

1+

Question 9

how many ions do group 2 elements form

Answer 9

2+

Question 10

how many ions do group 6 elements form

Answer 10

2-

Question 11

how many ions do group 7 elements form

Answer 11

1-

Question 12

give an example of a magnesium atom trying to form a magnesium ion

Answer 12

Mg is in group 2, so it loses 2 electrons to form a magnesium ion (Mg2+) : Mg (arrow) Mg2+ + 2e-

Question 13

give an example of an oxygen atom trying to form a oxygen ion

Answer 13

O is in group 6 so it gains 2 electrons to form an oxide ion (O2-)
: O + 2e- (arrow) O2-

Question 14

why do simple ions often have noble gas electronic structures

Answer 14

they gain enough electrons to fill all the spaces in their outer levels.