Formation of Gonads and Reproductive Organs & STIs

Question 1

How does the Y chromosome aid in Gonad Development?

Answer 1

It contains the testis-determining factor (TDF) that triggers the development of male hormones (androgens)
Androgens cause the dev. of male sex organs & ducts in the fetus

Question 2

When is gonad development determined?

Answer 2

At fertilization

Question 3

How long do fetuses remain anatomically identical?

Answer 3

Until Week 7 - this is when the presence or absence of sex hormones will determine which sex organs will develop, when they will mature & how they function

Question 4

STIs can interfere with _________ & ____________

Answer 4

STIs can interfere with FERTILITY & REPRODUCTION

Question 5

HIV/AIDS specs

Answer 5

Human Immunodeficiency Disease (HIV) attacks helper T cells (immune system)
Children of HIV patients may become infected before or during birth, or via breastfeeding

Question 6

Hepatitis B specs

Answer 6

Unborn children can be infected

Question 7

Genital Herpes specs

Answer 7

1/3 sexually active people have this
Herpes Simplex 2 (HSV 2) - Increased risk of mother passing to child during childbirth (can cause blindness, neurological disorders, even death) - C-section usually performed to reduce risk

Question 8

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) - Genital Warts

Answer 8

Very common - only skin to skin contact is needed
Flat or raised warts in genital area while others have no symptoms yet can pass it on
Increased rates of HPV is also leading to increased rates of cervical cancer in women, as well as tumors of the vulva, anus, penis or vagina

Question 9

Chlamydia specs

Answer 9

Most common bacterial STI in Canada
Symptoms include discharge from penis or vagina, burning pain while urinating or fever. 75% don’t have symptoms but can pass the infection
Can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) in women
In cervix & oviducts
Very painful & oviduct may be blocked (infertile)
Open sores increase risk of passing on to baby (possible infections in eyes & respiratory tracts)
Effective sets for Chlamydia & possibility of curing the infection

Question 10

Gonorrhea specs

Answer 10

Similar symptoms to Chlamydia
Increased rate in young males
Can cause infection in the urethra, cervix, rectum & throat

Question 11

Syphilis specs

Answer 11

A baby can be affected at any stage
Not common
Treated with anti-biotics