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T-38 GK > Formation > Flashcards

Formation Flashcards

1
Q

The ____ retains primary responsibility for deconfliction between flight members.

A

Wingman

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2
Q

The purpose of flying formation is to provide ____.

A

To provide the mutual support required to accomplish a given mission.

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3
Q

____ may be used when the flight lead wants the wingman to navigate and clear.

A

Nav lead

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4
Q

If a TCAS intruder will pass within ____ mile(s) or ____ feet of the formation without visual contact, consider a directive call to maneuver the formation away.

A

1 mile or 1,000 feet

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5
Q

Afterburner should not normally be used after ____ unless required for safety of flight

A

Reaching bingo fuel

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6
Q

Unless already established on the return to base (RTB) phase of flight, ____ will inform ____ when reaching joker and bingo and receive an acknowledgment

A

Wingman; lead

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7
Q

If fuel drops below joker before informing lead, wingmen will reference the fuel state from ____, unless already established on the RTB.

A

Bingo (“Iron 2 is bingo plus 1.”).

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8
Q

(T/F) During the lead change, only the pilot taking the lead must monitor the other aircraft to ensure separation is maintained.

A

False: During the lead change, BOTH pilots must monitor the other aircraft to ensure separation is maintained.

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9
Q

Do not initiate lead changes with the wingman further aft than ____, or greater than ____° aft from line abreast.

A

a normal fingertip or route position, or greater than 30° aft from line abreast

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10
Q

During a formation take off, A minimum wingtip spacing is ____ feet wingtip clearance is required; ____ feet minimum of either crew is solo.

A

10 feet; 50 feet

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11
Q

Each aircraft will usually take the center of its half of the runway. Wing will line up lead’s ____ as a fore and aft reference.

A

Main gear doors

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12
Q

On a formation takeoff as lead, as your chin hits your chest, simultaneously release brakes and select MAX, reduce power slightly on both engines (approximately ____ but not less than ____), and verify both afterburners have lit.

A

60 % nozzles; min AB

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13
Q

(T/F) As wing on a formation takeoff, it’s okay to tap the brakes to maintain position initially.

A

True

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14
Q

Use caution to prevent pulling the throttles out of afterburner. If wing cannot remain in position (either overrunning lead or falling behind) with power set between minimum and MAX afterburner, wing should ____.

A

check both throttles in MAX, maintain separation from lead, and perform a separate takeoff.

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15
Q

Interval Takeoff. When ready for takeoff, lead will release the brakes and perform a takeoff. Wingmen will delay brake release a minimum of ____ seconds for a single aircraft

A

10 seconds

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16
Q

On an Instrument Trail Departure, all aircraft will use ____ degrees of bank for all turns. Takeoff spacing will be no less than ____ seconds. Unless briefed otherwise, each aircraft or element will climb at ____ KCAS with ____ degrees EGT and maintain briefed spacing until all aircraft have reached VMC and are cleared to rejoin.

A

30 degrees; 20 seconds; 300 KCAS; 600 EGT

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17
Q

Until join-up, each pilot or element lead will call with altitude and heading when passing multiples of ____ feet and when initiating any altitude or heading change.

A

5,000 feet

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18
Q

Until visual on an instrument trail departure, each pilot or element will maintain at least, ____ feet of vertical separation from the preceding aircraft or element except where departure instructions specifically prohibit compliance. If ____ feet of separation prevents the wingmen from complying with the minimum safe altitude, lead may reduce the vertical separation to ____ feet.

A

1,000 feet; 1,000 feet; 500 feet

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19
Q

On the GX, what is the minimum separation between formation members?

A

4,000 ft

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20
Q

How does an aircraft with radio failure signal a KIO?

A

Continuous wing rocks

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21
Q

What flight position(s) must a wingman be directed to perform a BD check in?

A

Either fingertip or route

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22
Q

When splitting the flight becomes necessary, lead will verify that wingmen have a positive fix from which to navigate, known as a(n) ____?

A

Alpha check

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23
Q

On a Formation Approach and Landing, lead will position the wingman on the upwind side of the runway if crosswinds are greater than ____ kts.

A

5 kts

24
Q

____ is the primary reference during a wing landing

A

Lead

25
Q

What is the wingman’s way to inform lead that it is now safe to transition to the cold side of the runway?

A

Wingman shuts off landing light

26
Q

VMC drag: The latest point to initiate the drag will be ____ miles from the runway

A

8 miles, however on an IAP, drag is normally accomplished prior to the FAF or glide slope intercept

27
Q

VMC drag: When lead directs the formation to drag, wing will select idle and extend speed brakes until airspeed is below ____ KCAS, then select landing gear down, flaps 60/100 %, and speed brakes up.

A

240 KCAS

28
Q

VMC drag: Lead will remain ____ KCAS until 5 miles from the runway, then select idle power and speed brakes until below ____ KCAS, lead will select landing gear down, and flaps 60/100%, and speed brakes up.

A

250 KCAS; 240 KCAS

29
Q

VMC drag: Lead will maintain a minimum of ____ KCAS until 3 miles from the runway, and then slow to final approach speed

A

180 KCAS

30
Q

When executing an overhead break, wingman should delay ____ seconds for ~3,000 feet spacing and ~____ for 6,000 feet spacing

A

5 seconds; 8 seconds

31
Q

When in fingertip, the approximate wingtip separation is ____ feet.

A

3 feet

32
Q

During wing work, fly a series of modified lazy eight maneuvers, using up to ____ Gs and ____ degrees of bank in an airspeed range ~ ____ to ____ KCAS.

A

3 Gs; 90 degrees; 200 to 400 KCAS

33
Q

Route is flown from ____ of spacing out to ~ ____, no farther aft than ____, no farther forward than ____, and, when wings level, maintain ____ stack.

A

two ship-widths; 500 feet; the extended fingertip line; line abreast; level stack

34
Q

Chase cone

A

30 - 60 degrees aspect cone out to 1,000 feet

35
Q

During a cross under, the wingman must ensure a minimum of ____ clearance.

A

Nose-tail

36
Q

On a pitchout, the wingman delays their turn by ____ seconds (or as briefed) which would provide ~____NM(s) spacing.

A

5 seconds; 1 NM

37
Q

Rejoins as lead: basic formation lead maintains ____ KCAS and ____ degrees of bank; advanced form lead maintains ____ KCAS and ____ degrees of bank

A

300 KCAS; 30 degrees; 350 KCAS; 45 degrees

38
Q

On a straight ahead rejoin as #2, you know you are ~____ft when the figure-eight design of the two tailpipes is visible, but two separate engines are not distinguishable.

A

1500 feet

39
Q

During a straight ahead rejoin, ____ kts of overtake is usually adequate when starting from 1 NM. Approaching 2,000 feet, modulate power to arrive at 2,000 feet with ~____-____ kts of overtake

A

50 kts; 20-30 kts

40
Q

During a turning rejoin, wingman should establish and maintain about ____ feet of vertical separation below lead’s POM until stabilized in route position. Airspeed should be less than ____ kts of overtake for low aspect rejoins, ____ kts for medium aspect rejoins, and ____ kts for high aspect rejoins when within ____ feet of lead.

A

50 feet; 50 kts; 30 kts; 10 kts, 3,000 feet

41
Q

When rejoining to #3 position, the rejoining aircraft will cross below the preceding aircraft’s jet wash and with a minimum of ____ clearance.

A

nose-tail clearance

42
Q

During an overshoot on a turning rejoin, the decision should be made early so the wingman crosses lead’s low 6 o’clock with a minimum of ~____ spacing.

A

two ship lengths

43
Q

When should you breakout as #2?

A

HITS: 1) Anytime your presence constitutes a hazard to the formation, 2) In front of or underneath, 3) Told to by lead, 4) SA of lead’s position is lost

44
Q

Which positions can lead initiate close trail from?

A

Fingertip, echelon, or route

45
Q

(T/F) Cloverleafs are allowed in Close Trail

A

False, over-the-top maneuvering in close trail is not permitted. Any combination of turns, modified lazy eights, or barrel rolls are allowed.

46
Q

In close trail, maintain a minimum of 1g and use no more than ____ g’s.

A

4 g’s

47
Q

What is the proper position for #2 in close trail?

A

1-2 aircraft lengths behind lead and just below.

48
Q

What is the fighting wing position?

A

a cone 30-45 degree AA from lead, 500-1,500 feet aft. 30=align lead’s wingtip with the nose of the aircraft, 45 align lead’s wingtip with the middle of the aft canopy.

49
Q

For estimating range, at ____ feet you should easily be able to read lead’s tail number; at ____ feet, you should easily see, but not be able to read, lead’s tail number.

A

500 feet; 1,000 feet

50
Q

(T/F) It is acceptable for lead to fly aerobatic maneuvers with the wingman in fighting wing.

A

False, lead will not fly aerobatic maneuvers with the wingman in fighting wing.

51
Q

The parameters of the tactical formation are ____ to ____ feet spacing, line abreast to ____ degrees aft, and a vertical separation (stack) of up to ____ feet.

A

4,000-6,000 feet; 10 degrees aft; 2,000 feet

52
Q

Visual references for lateral spacing: ____ feet the VHF (shark fin) disappears, the underside rotating beacon disappears, and (or) the canopy bow disappears, and both canopies blend into one.

A

4,000 feet spacing

53
Q

Visual references for lateral spacing: ____ feet the “L” formed by the aft edge of the vertical stabilizer and the burner cans start to disappear (depending on the environmental disability). Also, depending on the environmental, the canopy disappears or blends into he aircraft.

A

6,000 feet spacing

54
Q

Visual references for lateral spacing: Outside of ____ feet, most details disappear, and the aircraft loses most of its definition.

A

6,000 feet

55
Q

Tactical delayed 90 degree turn: If the turn is called for over the radio, lead begins the contract turn ____.

A

Immediately after the turn

56
Q

Check turns in tactical are usually ____ degrees of turn.

A

no more than 30 degrees

T-38 GK (5 decks)

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