Form Check Flashcards
1
Q
What is the purpose of military formation flying?
A
To provide the mutual support required to accomplish a given mission
Effectiveness of a formation mission is highly dependent on solid flight lead discipline
2
Q
• Maximum flight formation size?
A
o 4, unless waived by the 16 AF/DO
3
Q
• Standard formation (per FAR/AIM)?
A
o 1 NM and +/- 100’ vertical
4
Q
• Who is the approval authority for formation at night/limitation?
A
o OG/CC
o 2 ship
5
Q
• Minimum altitude for lead change?
A
o 500’ AGL
6
Q
• Flight Lead position/responsibilities (Standards):
A
o Ensure adequate mission objectives are determined
o Direct brief and debrief
o Delegate brief and debrief responsibilities when appropriate
o Regardless of takeoff time, flight lead will sign out #1 call sign
o Flight lead will be determined based on
- IP with the highest qualification level
- Highest ranking
- Most hours in the T-6
7
Q
• Flight Lead responsibilities (11-248):
A
o Overall planning
o Brief
o Execution
o Debrief
8
Q
• Admin Lead position/responsibilities:
A
o The Admin lead is expected to run all aspects of the profile to include navigating, comms, and the profile. The admin lead is also responsible for initiating all appropriate checks for the formation.
9
Q
• Nav Lead responsibilities:
A
o The Nav lead is used when the current admin lead wants the wingman to navigate. Lead will fly the wingman position, and keep the radios. Ex. Battle Damage Check.
10
Q
• Basic No. 1 responsibilities:
A
Clear Plan Monitor No. 2 Navigate Communicate
11
Q
• Primary No. 2 responsibilities:
A
o Flight path DECONFLICTION
o Maintaining proper POSITION
12
Q
• Basic No. 2 responsibilities:
A
o Do not hit No. 1 o Keep No. 1 in sight o Be in position/on freq o Clear for formation o Backup No. 1
13
Q
• No. 1 Radio responsibilities?
A
o Comms for flight
o Keep flight on frequency
o Squawk for flight
o Maintain discipline
14
Q
• No. 2 Radio responsibilities?
A
o Monitor comms
o Respond to No. 1
o Maintain radio discipline
15
Q
• 3 times lead offered to distressed aircraft/emergency?
A
o When the emergency occurs
o On recovery when below the WX and able to navigate VFR to the field
o On final with field in sight
16
Q
• 4 reasons to terminate (BOOT)?
A
o Bingo is REACHED (no overfly)
o Objectives met
o Out of position
o Told to do so
17
Q
• 4 KIO/Terminate Actions (CCMA)?
A
o (No. 1 continues current maneuver with current power setting) o Clear the flight path o Cease maneuvering o Maintain visual o Acknowledge with a call sign
18
Q
• When to call “Knock It Off” (DSAWORBUT)?
A
o Dangerous Situation is developing o SA is lost o Area boundary bust or out of position (inside 300ft bubble in ET or forward 3/9 line) o WX goes below mins o Over-speed or over-G o Radio failure o Bingo fuel overflown o Unscheduled or un-briefed aircraft in the vicinity o Told to do so
19
Q
• When to breakout (HITS)?
A
o H – Hazard to formation
o I – In front of or underneath lead
o T – Told to by lead
o S – SA/sight lost
20
Q
• LOST wingman procedures?
A
Lead Wing
Wings-Level — 15 bank for 15 seconds then resume course
Wingman inside turn Roll out of turn, may resume after ensured separation Reduce power, tell lead to roll out
Wingman outside of turn — Reverse direction 15 bank for 15 seconds before resuming course
Final approach — Momentarily turn away. Climb to FAF or glideslope intercept altitude
Missed approach — Momentarily turn away. Fly published missed approach to 500ft above published altitude
21
Q
• Formation low approach initiated no lower than?
A
o 100’ AGL
22
Q
• For OPS check, reply “2 same” if within?
A
o 50 lbs fuel
o 0.5 Gs
23
Q
• Lead should set power no less than?
A
o 20%
24
Q
• Altitude lead/wing goes when blind and NORDO?
A
o Lead – odd thousands feet
o Wing – Even thousands feet
25
• Solo students will not fly:
o Actual or simulated instrument approaches and landings as lead or wing
o Close trail as wing
o Practice lost wingman procedures while on the wing
o Barrel rolls or over-the-top maneuvers while on the wing
26
• WING TAKEOFF:
| o Runway requirements?
150 ft wide
| Clear of: Standing water, ice, snow
27
• WING TAKEOFF:
| o Min wingtip spacing during wing takeoff?
20’
28
• WING TAKEOFF:
| o Ceiling/visibility required for wing takeoff?
>/= 500 and 1.5 SM
| Circling minimums
29
• WING TAKEOFF:
| o Aborts:
Aborts prior to break release will be sympathetic
Aborts after break release will not be sympathetic unless there is a danger to the entire formation, in which case the aborting aircraft will direct, “(callsign) FLIGHT, ABORT, ABORT, ABORT!”
30
• WING TAKEOFF:
| o Maintain stack level position until?
Gear and flaps are retracted
31
• INTERVAL TAKEOFF:
| o Runway requirements?
75 ft wide
32
• INTERVAL TAKEOFF:
| o Ceiling/visibility required for interval takeoff?
1500’ AGL and 3 SM
33
• INTERVAL TAKEOFF:
| o Aborts:
#2 will not initiate takeoff roll if #1 is aborting. If already rolling, #2 should continue the takeoff unless safety dictates otherwise.
34
• INSTRUMENT TRAIL TAKEOFF:
o Lowest compatible approach mins
o Standard interval for instrument trail takeoff is ___seconds?
20 seconds (no less)
o Each aircraft will climb at 160 KIAS and use 30 degrees bank for all turns
o Until join up or level off, both aircrafts will call out altitudes (even thousands) and when initiating heading changes.
o At least 1000’ vertical separation until visual
35
• Add how many feet to takeoff roll distance for formation?
o 1000’ (this assumes lead power setting no greater than 85%)
36
• Runway line-up priorities?
o Crosswind greater than 5 kts – No. 2 upwind
o IMC on departure – No. 2 outside of first turn
o VMC on departure – No. 2 on inside of first turn
o Interval/Instrument trail T/O – No. 2 upwind
37
• Rejoins enroute to area will be flow at? On recovery?
o At published airspeeds in 11-2T-6V3 71 OG Sup (i.e. 230 on CORMI, 200 on PODDS, 230 on recovery)
38
• How close will wing rejoin is lead is not visual?
o Wingman will not rejoin closer than route until lead has called “visual”
39
• What is the correct order to correct position?
o Stack, Line, Spacing
40
• Fingertip parameters/limitations:
```
o 6AA or 30 degrees aft of LAB
o 10’ wingtip spacing
o 120 KIAS minimum
o 90 degrees bank
o 2-3 Gs
```
41
• Route parameters/limitations:
o LAB to 30 degrees
o 2 ship width to 500’ spacing
o Max bank 60 degrees
42
• Close trail parameters/limitations:
o 1-2 ship lengths, just below prop wash (No. 1 wing span between AOA indexer and mag compass)
o 120 KIAS minimum
o Max bank 90 degrees
o 2-3 Gs (modified lazy eights)
43
• Fighting wing parameters/limitations:
o 30-45 degree cone
| o 500-1000’ spacing
44
• Chase cone parameters/limitations:
o 30-60 degree cone
o 0-1000’ spacing
o No lower than 300’ AGL
45
• Chase aircraft will not stack lower than lead when below?
o 1000’ AGL
46
• Pitchout parameters:
o Approx 180*
o No. 2 delays approx. 2-3 seconds (500-1000ft separation), 5-7 seconds (1500-2000ft)
o Keep No. 1 in sight and move slightly down (keeps lead in blue sky 1-2 ship widths above horizon)
o Roll out behind and below No. 1, OPS check
47
• Wingwork exercise:
Level Bank Angle Pitch G Loading Airspeed Description
I 0-30 +-10 1-2G 120 Min. Initial
II 0-60 +-25 1-2G Limitied
III 0-90 +-35 1-3G Desired
48
• Max bank angle in echelon turn?
o Approximately 60 degrees
49
• In the MOA, what is the normal airspeed of lead? How much overtake should wing initially use for rejoin?
o 180 KIAS +- 10 Knots
| o 20-30 Knots until 500ft
50
• When must No. 1 call airspeed during a rejoin?
o Changes greater than +/- 10 KIAS
51
• Minimum airspeed for extended trail?
o 100 KIAS
52
• Minimum altitude for ET (all levels)?
o 6,000’ AGL
53
• Minimum weather for ET (all levels)?
o 3 NM and clear of clouds
54
• What are the 11-248 training rules for extended trail exercise?
o Call KIO inside the 300’ slant range “bubble”, forward of the 3/9 line, or < 100 KIAS,
o Abrupt turn reversals are prohibited – turns in one direction followed by a rapid, unanticipated roll in the opposite direction
o Two-ship only
o If visual contact w/ No. 1 is lost and cannot be immediately regained, No. 2 breaks out of formation, maneuvers away from No. 1’s last know position and calls “blind”
o Do not maneuver over-the-top in Level III if No. 1 is blind or No. 2 is not in a position to go over-the-top
55
• What power setting should be used during extended trail?
o As a guide, 85% in the low area & MAX in the high area or as briefed
56
• 3 types of formation pursuit:
o Lead – velocity vector in front of No. 1
o Pure – velocity vector ON No. 1
o Lag – velocity vector behind No. 1
57
• What actions do you take when you assume lead?
o Squawk ALT, TAS ON
58
• How much nose-tail clearance is required during an overshoot?
o 2 ship lengths
59
• Take Spacing maneuver:
o Places No. 2 in a trail position without performing a pitchout
o No. 2 uses power, speed brake or S turns to achieve spacing
60
• Ceiling/visibility required for formation approach and landing requirements?
o 500’ AGL and 1 ½ SM or approach mins (whichever is higher)
o Runway free of standing water, ice or snow
o Max 15 kts crosswind
61
• Are formation wing touch-and-go landings permitted?
no
62
• Planned formation low approaches are limited to how many feet above the runway?
o 100’ AGL
| o 15 knots
63
• During an instrument penetration, what is lead's least recommended amount of torque?
o 20% until configured
64
• What position should lead put the wingman on for a wing landing?
o The upwind side (outside of turn until final)
65
• What airspeed is a formation approach flown?
o 110 KIAS
66
• How far down the runway should lead plan to touchdown during a formation approach?
o approximately 1,000' down
67
• By when should the wingman stack level with lead?
o No later than ½ mile from the runway
68
• During a sidestep approach, when should lead clear off No. 2?
o After confirming No. 2 is visual with the runway, but prior to a ¾ mile final
69
• How do you execute a formation circle approach (both lead and wing)?
o Lead will clear off No. 2 and proceed expeditiously to a ½ mile final
o Wing will lag as required to establish required spacing for landing behind the other aircraft
70
• How should lead execute a formation go-around?
o Smoothly add power to approximately 75% and follow normal formation takeoff and go-around procedures
71
• Missed approach?
o No. 2 momentarily turns away from No. 1 to ensure clearance then continues to the published missed approach while climbing 500’ above the missed approach altitude and obtains a new clearance
72
• VMC drag maneuver weather requirements?
o 1500’ AGL and 3 NM, all a/c must maintain VMC from drag point to landing
73
• DRAG procedures (straight-in):
o Once reaching 1,800’ MSL No. 1 will direct No. 2 to “drag”. No. 2 will acknowledge and reduce power as necessary to achieve and maintain ½ mile spacing (3,000’).
o No. 1 will maintain 200KTS until 5 miles then slow and configure slowing and maintaining 120KTS until 2 miles. After separating use individual callsigns and report 5 and 2 miles individually.
74
• Taxi back procedures:
o Taxi back as a formation if it will not hamper traffic. Automatically change to discrete frequency once clear of the RWY but DO NOT check in No. 2
o If taxing back from the CENTER rwy No. 2 will automatically contact Eastside with callsign and tail numbers then switch back to UHF Ground
75
• You notice your wingman moves his or her hand up and down in front of his or her face (palm toward his or her face). He or she is trying to tell you that:?
o His or her transmitter is out
76
• Attention in the air:
o Execute rapid shallow wing rock
77
• BD Check:
o hold clenched fist with index finger and thumb extended, back of hand towards canopy. Wingman responds by executing prebriefed BD check
78
• Change Lead:
o Make several forward pointing motions, then hold up number of fingers to indicate present position of the point which is to assume the lead. Pilot of aircraft assuming the lead nods head
79
• Echelon turn:
o Extend clenched fist with forefinger and little finger extended upward for each echelon turn performed (rock on)
80
• Fuel Check:
o Close fist with the thumb extended and perform drinking motion with thumb touching the oxygen mask
81
• Gear Down:
o Downward motion with a closed fist, thumb extended downward. 2 gives a head-nod
82
• Oxygen check:
o Cup hand over oxygen mask, followed by query in the form of an OK sign
83
• Pitchout
o Make a circular motion with vertically extended finger. 2 gives a head-nod to acknowledge.
84
• Radio Frequency Change:
o Tap helmet ear with fingers extended for channel
85
• Ready for Takeoff:
o After run up, the leader looks at the wingman, Wingman nods head yes or no.
86
• Reform/Rejoin:
o Rock wings slowly
87
• Run up Engine for takeoff:
o Make a circular motion with vertically extended index finger
88
• Speed Brake in/out:
o biting motion with hand. 2 nods head
89
• Start takeoff roll:
o Lead places head back towards headrest, then nods head forward for brake release.
90
What should lead coordinate for after a midair collision? (11-248 8.10.3.)
· Coordinate separate clearances and chase ships
91
What should happen if both aircraft have hit birds? (11-248 8.10.8.)
· Lead will arrange for separate chase ships
92
How should you land if forward visibility is restricted after a birdstrike (or any other situation for that matter)? (Stds 7.8.8.4.)
· Form land on the wing
93
Who typically leads back during a physiological incident? (11-248 8.10.6.)
The “bad” aircraft
| · The unaffected wingman will use caution and good judgment, especially if penetration of IMC is required
94
What actions should you take if an ejection is required in another aircraft within the formation? (11-248 8.10.7.)
Stay 1 NM away 1000 above ejecting aircraft
· Set and check bingo fuel
· Make contact with the downed pilots on 243.0 and then switch to 282.8
· Mark aircrew position with radial or DME, ground reference, GPS coordinates ( ), or ident
· Notify SOF about ejection location, number of parachutes, and loiter timeEP
95
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (from EP Stds & Checkride binder)
During MAC: Ensure flightpath deconfliction while maintaining visual, make a KIO call if warranted
· During TPA: Perform any critical actions (boldface) prior to requesting the lead if warranted. Further investigation and the running of checklists should be done after acquiring the lead.
· Keep wing at a safe distance while taking care of situation (chase), effectively employ the wingman, recover BOTH aircraft safely (i.e. what are you going to do w/2 when you’re done w/him)
What is the chase position? (11-2T-6V3 3.60.)
· 30° to 60° cone out to 1,000’, stack no lower than lead when below 1,000’ AGL, low approach no lower than 300’ AGL unless safety or circumstance dictate otherwise
96
Gen Light on Radar Vectors
- When do you open the bus tie?
- Base/dogleg leave it in norm
- Downwind: if you’re abeam the FAF, leave it closed. Else, open it up
Good things to do when you get the GEN light
- Hack clock
- Check volts/amps (see list in the Dash 1 that indicates when different stuff will cut off)
- Turn off OBOGS below 10000
- Turn off all lights, blower, pitot heat, NACWS/TAS
If you’re farther than 10 min away: open the bus tie
- Now you have a gen bus failure (see next page)
- See pictures on the gen bus failure checklist
o EHSI is blank
If you’re approximately 10 min away, turn some shit off and continue your approach
Options:
1. GPS approach (front cockpit must do all the setup b/c rear cockpit has no EFIS controls or GPS fxn)
2. Visual approach (is anywhere nearby VMC)
3. PAR/ASR
4. Set all the shit up for the ILS, open the bus tie, reclose the bus tie when you get closer and fly it
No RMU – need to be using backup
Need to use backups to configure
In the weather: total electrical failure
You did have gen failure. Now you also have battery failure.
- Flaps retract to UP
- Will need to cut AUX BAT on to talk (if you need to talk)
- Stop straight ahead (no nose wheel steering)
- Landing roll increase (approximately 1200 ft longer)
o Land on the center runway
#4: If the battery dies, you lose OBOGS. So get below 10000 ft
Single frequency approach : CH13
