Form A Test 3

Question 1

What is a categorical statement?

Answer 1

A statement that affirms or denies something about a given subject

Question 2

For a statement to be in standard categorical form, it must begin with the words “all”, “no”, or “some”. What are the other two rules for writing statements in standard categorical form?

Answer 2

1) The verb must be a “to be” verb

2) The subject and predicate must both be nouns or noun phrases

Question 3

Translate the statement into standard categorical form. Do not abbreviate:

Those who hunger for righteousness will be satisfied

Answer 3

All people hungry for righteousness will be satisfied people

Question 4

Translate the statement into standard categorical form. Do not abbreviate:

Many men claim to have perfect love

Answer 4

Some men are perfect-love claimers

Question 5

Translate the statement into standard categorical form. Do not abbreviate:

Nobody eats soggy wheat.

Answer 5

No person is a soggy-wheat eater

Question 6

Translate the statement into standard categorical form. Do not abbreviate:

Most of the towers were very tall

Answer 6

Some towers were very tall structures

Question 7

Translate the statement into standard categorical form. Do not abbreviate:

The girls all passed the test

Answer 7

All the girls were test passers

Question 8

What is the quality of this statement:

Many men claim to have perfect love

Answer 8

Affirmative

Question 9

What is the quantity of this statement:

Nobody eats soggy wheat

Answer 9

Universal

Question 10

What is this type of statement:

Most of the towers were very tall

A E I O

Answer 10

I

Question 11

What is this type of statement:

The girls all passed the test

A E I O

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Give an example of a true universal negative statement

Answer 12

No dogs are birds

Question 13

Give an example of a false particular affirmative statement

Answer 13

Some goldfish are chairs

Question 14

Write the contradiction of the given statement:

“all men are sinners”

Which is the true statement - the given one, or the contradiction?

Answer 14

“some men are not sinners”

the contradiction is true, Jesus is a man but not a sinner.

Question 15

Write the contradiction of the given statement:

“No pleasures are lawful activities”

Which is the true statement - the given one, or the contradiction?

Answer 15

“Some pleasures are lawful activities”

The contradiction is true, such as taking pleasure in your work

Question 16

If someone is making a claim that you want to deny, which type of statement should you choose so that at least one of you is correct: the contradiction or the contrariety?

Answer 16

The contradiction

Question 17

Consider these two inconsistent statements: “Pluto is a planet. Pluto is not a planet.” Are these statements related by contradiction or contrariety? Explain.

Answer 17

These statements are contradictory. One must be true, and the other false. They cannot both be false.

Question 18

Give an example of subcontrary statements that are both true. Then give an example of subcontrary statements, one being true and the other false.

Answer 18

Both true: “some flowers are roses; some flowers are not roses.”
One true, one false: “some roses are flowers, some roses are not flowers.”

Question 19

Draw a square of opposition

Answer 19

Question 20

Identify the relationship from the square of the opposition being described. “Both statements can be true, but they cannot both be false.”

Answer 20

Subcontrariety

Question 21

Identify the relationship from the square of the opposition being described. “If the universal statement is true, the particular must be true.”

Answer 21

Subimplication

Question 22

Identify the relationship from the square of the opposition being described. “One of the statements must be true and the other false.”

Answer 22

Contradiction

Question 23

Identify the relationship from the square of the opposition being described. “Both statements can be false, but they cannot both be true.”

Answer 23

Contrariety

Question 24

Assume the first statement is true. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“All spirits are persons”
“Some spirits are not persons.”

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Assume the first statement is true. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“All spirits are persons”
“No Spirits are persons”

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Assume the first statement is true. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“All spirits are persons”
“Some spirits are persons.”

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Assume the first statement is False. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“Some bards are rappers.”
“All bards are rappers”

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Assume the first statement is False. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“Some bards are rappers.”
“Some bards are not rappers.”

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Assume the first statement is False. Determine the corresponding truth value of the other statements in the set by stating True or False.
“Some bards are rappers.”
“No bards are rappers”

Answer 29

True