Forgetting explanation : Interference

Question 1

Proactive interference

Answer 1

• Forgetting occurs when older stored memories disrupt recall of newer memories.
• Occurs when memories are similar.

Question 2

Retroactive interference

Answer 2

• Occurs when newer memories disrupt recall of older memories which are already stored.
• Occurs when memories are similar.

Question 3

McGeoch and McDonald (1931) retroactive interference study

Answer 3

• Participants memorised 10 adjectives; once remembered with 100% accuracy they were given one of the following conditions: synonyms, antonyms, unrelated words, nonsense syllable, three-digit numbers or no word list.
• Participants were then tested on the material.
• Accuracy of recall of word list depended on nature of second word list. Synonyms produced the worst recall.
• Concluded interference is strongest when memories are similar.