Forest And Wildlife Resources - II Flashcards
What are the factors that have led to the decline in India’s biodiversity?
- Habitat destruction
- Hunting
- Poaching
- Over-exploitation
- Environmental pollution
- Poisoning
- Forest fire
What are the causes of environmental destruction?
- Unequal access
- Inequitable consumption of resources
- Differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well-being
What is often cited as the cause for the environmental degradation?
Overpopulation of third-world companies. However an average American consumes 40 times more than an average Somalian. The richest 5% of Indian society consumes more than the poorest 25%.
Who are the most affected in a society by resource depletion?
Women, since they bear the responsibility of collection of fuel, fodder, water and other basic subsistence needs. Depletion of resources causes them to over-exert themselves and leads to serious health issues and increased hours of work.
Why do we need to conserve our forests and wildlife?
- Preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems (water, air and soil)
- Preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding
The Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972
- Protecting habitats
- All-India list of protected species was published
- Banning of hunting and trade in wildlife
- Establishment of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries
Which specific animals are protected under the Wildlife Protection of 1972?
Tigers, one-horned rhino, Kashmir stag or hangul, three types of crocs (fresh water, salt water and Gharial), Asiatic lion, Indian elephant, black buck (chinkara), the Indian Bustard (godawan) and the snow leopard.
What are the major threats to tigers?
- Poaching for trade
- Shrinking trade
- Depletion of prey base species
- Growing population
- Trade of tiger skins and use of their bones in traditional medicines
Project Tiger
Launched in 1973, it aimed to save tigers and increase their population. It initially showed success as the tiger population went up. But it later dropped.
Which are the tiger reserves of India?
- Corbett national park (Uttarakhand)
- Sunderbans national park (West Bengal)
- Bandhavgarh national park (Madhya Pradesh)
- Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary (Rajasthan)
- Manas tiger reserve (Assam)
- Periyar tiger reserve (Kerala)
Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986
Butterflies, moths, beetles and one dragonfly.
Wildlife Act of 1991
Six species of plants
