Forest and Biodiversity

Question 1

Types of diversity

Answer 1

Genetic: Within species, allows for adaptability
Species: Within region
Ecosystem: Variety of habitats, niches, and communities

Question 2

Principal pressures

Answer 2

• Habitat loss and degradation
• Climate change
• Excessive nutrient load and other forms of pollution
• Over-exploitation and unsustainable use
• Invasive alien species

Question 3

Characteristics of threatened species

Answer 3

• Low fertility rates
• Large body size
• Poor dispersal ability
• Need for stable environment
• Need to migrate
• Perceived to be dangerous

Question 4

Conservation options

Answer 4

• Protected areas
• Ecotourism
• Debt for nature swaps: Debt forgiveness by wealthier countries helps establish local conservation efforts in economically poorer countries
• Consumerism
• Education