forensics exam 3

Question 1

Father of foresnic toxicology

Answer 1

Mathieu orfillia

Question 2

Toxicology of alcohol

Answer 2

peak concentration in 30-90mins, may not be reached for 2-3 hrs.
ABSORPTION: depends on weight, metabolism, amount ingested,food in belly, beer absorbs slow
men metabolize alchol faster and people who weigh more absorb alchol faster

ELIMINATION: oxidation liver, and breath, urine, perspiration. blood alchol is directly porportional to concentrations in blood and in breath exhaled= alchol in blood

Question 3

Two methods for measuring alcohol in body

Answer 3

1. Direct chemical ananlysis of the blood for alcohol content
   -preserve blood
   -anticoagulant must be present
   -gas chromatography will be primarly utilized to determine blood concentration in blood, then compared to known used standars
2. Breathalyzer- R.F Borkenstein
   -indirectly determins quantity of alcohol consued by measuring the absorption of light by potassium dichromate before and after its reaction with alchol but phased out in 1970’s
   -MODERN DAY testing: Intoxilyzer
   -new deviceds with infared light absorption devices and fuel cell detectors on infared spectrophotmeter used to detect alchol in breath

Question 4

Field sobriety tests

Answer 4

Establish probably cause
horizontal gaze nystagmus
walk and turn
one leg stand
fuel cenn dectector breath test(cannont be used in court)

Question 5

Alcohol legal issues

Answer 5

Schmerber V. california
-automobile collion and arrested on DUI charges, blood sample taken by doctor and judge ruled agaisnt defendant that taking blood is not protected by 5th amenedment.
Missouri V. Meneely
-ruled that police should obtain a search warrant prior to the drawing of a persons blood for testing

Question 6

Legal intoxication limits

Answer 6

0.08%

Question 7

Job of toxicologist

Answer 7

Analyze body fluids and organs for posions, drugs, chemicals
-most drugs remain in blood for 24hrs and 72hrs in urine
-in hair for weeks/months/years

Question 8

is it blood?
benzidin color test

Answer 8

turns green

Question 9

is it blood?
phenopthalein

Answer 9

turns pink

Question 10

is it blood?
hemastix

Answer 10

turns green

Question 11

is it blood?
luminol

Answer 11

reaction of luminol prodcues light, area must be dark

Question 12

is it blood?
bluestar

Answer 12

reaction of bluestar also produces light, area does not have to be dark