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FORENSIC 1, CRIM 102 & 3, CLJ 2, LEA 2, CDI 2, CA 1 > FORENSIC MIDTERM > Flashcards

FORENSIC MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

A positive lens that is thicker on the middle than the edge. It also creates a real image.

A

CONVEX LENS

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2
Q

It is the most important and essential part of the camera.

A

LENS

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3
Q

A negative lens that is thinner on the middle than the edge and creates virtual image.

A

CONCAVE LENS

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4
Q

A complex aberration that affects only light rays from a point that pass through the lens at an angle.

A

COMA

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5
Q

A color distortion that creates an outline of unwanted color along the edges of objects in a photograph

A

CHROMATIC ABERRATION

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6
Q

Occurs when the lens fails to focus image lines running in different directions in the same plane.

A

ASTIGMATISM

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7
Q

The image of a flat subject does not
appear flat because of the sharpness of the center and the edge is out of focus.

A

CURVATURE OF FIELD

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8
Q

When the outer parts of a lens do
not bring light rays into the same
focus as the central part.

A

SPHERICAL ABERRATION

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9
Q

Three (3) types of distortion.

A

BARREL, PINCUSHION, AND MUSTACHE

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10
Q

An optical aberration induced by the composition of the lens.

A

DISTORTION

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11
Q

Created by the curved shape of the lens.

A

BARREL DISTORTION

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12
Q

Is a lens effect that causes images to
become pinched in the center and the most often associate with telephoto lenses.

A

PINCUSHION DISTORTION

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13
Q

The straight lines of an image bend outward from the centre, and then inward from the corners of the frame.

A

MUSTACHE DISTORTION

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14
Q

Six (6) types of lens aberration.

A

ASTIGMATISM, CHROMATIC ABERRATION, SPHERICAL ABERRATION, COMA, CURVATURE OF FIELD, AND DISTORTION

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15
Q

What are the types of correctional lens?

A

ACHROMATIC LENS, RAPID-RECTILINEAR LENS, ANASTIGMAT LENS, AND APOCHROMATIC LENS

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16
Q

Corrected for: distortion

A

RAPID-RECTILINEAR LENS

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17
Q

Corrected for: astigmatism but with
higher degree of correction to
color.

A

APOCHROMATIC LENS

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18
Q

Corrected for: chromatic aberration

A

ACHROMATIC LENS

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19
Q

Corrected for: astigmatism
as well as the other lens
defect

A

ANASTIGMAT LENS

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20
Q

Tells us the angle
of view—how much of the scene
will be captured—and
the magnification—how large
individual elements will be.

A

FOCAL LENGTH

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21
Q

It is how much of a scene is in sharp focus.

A

DEPTH OF FIELD

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22
Q

Is related to focal length but
is not dependent on it.

A

FOCAL DISTANCE

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23
Q

Taking a magnified photograph of small object through attaching a camera to the ocular of a compound microscope so as to show a minute details of the physical evidence.

A

MICRO PHOTOGRAPHY

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24
Q

Close-up photography, is used to capture small objects, such as trace evidence or tool marks in which their size is bigger than their actual size.

A

MACRO PHOTOGRAPHY

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25
Q

Used when photographing narrow and crowded spaces.

A

WIDE ANGLE LENS

26
Q

Fixed lenses used in photographing long or far
distances.

A

TELEPHOTO LENS

27
Q

Lenses that enlarges object and magnify to 9x.

A

MACRO LENS

28
Q

Lens which commonly used in regular photography.

A

NORMAL LENS

29
Q

It can photograph from the shortest to the longest distance.

A

ZOOM LENS

30
Q

Transforms the latent image into a visible image, makes this permanent and renders it in sensitive to light.

A

PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING

31
Q

A photographic bag
specifically designed to be light-proof while in
use.

A

CHANGING BAG

32
Q

It is a room that can be made completely dark to allow the processing of light sensitive
photographic material, including photographic film and photographic paper.

A

DARK ROOM

33
Q

A light-tight
container used for developing film.

A

DEVELOPING TANK

34
Q

The film clips to the center of
the reel and is gently rolled onto
the reel in complete darkness.

A

STAINLESS STEEL REEL

35
Q
A
36
Q

The film is loaded from the outside
and then wound onto the reel by
rotating the reel with a back-and-
forth motion.

A

PLASTIC REEL

37
Q

One or more chemicals that convert the latent
image to a visible image.

A

DEVELOPER

38
Q

The most important compound in a developer and an organic compound which actually makes the latent image visible.

A

DEVELOPING AGENT

39
Q

A chemical used for processing black-
and-white photographic films, plates, and paper. It is used to neutralize the alkaline developer.

A

STOP BATH

40
Q

A mix of chemicals used in the final step in the photographic
processing of film or paper.

A

FIXER

41
Q

An apparatus used for making contact
prints, having a frame for holding
printing paper and negative together
and a light source for making an
exposure.

A

CONTACT PRINTER

42
Q

It is a photographic image produced by laying the negative, typically a negative, directly against photographic paper and exposing the paper to light.

A

CONTACT PRINTING

43
Q

A card of other opaque object is held between the enlarger lens and the photographic paper so as to block light from only a portion of the image intended to be lightened.

A

DODGING

44
Q

It is the elimination of some part of the negative which are not to include in positive.

A

CROPPING

45
Q

This is where a portion of a print is too bright after the main exposure.

A

BURNING

46
Q

The higher the head the bigger the size of the image and vice versa.

A

ENLARGING

47
Q

Final stage in making photograph.

A

PRINT MAKING

48
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum from about 400 nanometers to 1 nanometer. Provides more details to an injured area as well as the revealing bruises and scars and to detect alterations of documents.

A

ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOGRAPHY

49
Q

Uses in Law enforcement:
for photographic enhancement of rashes and other skin disorders; and
for detecting alterations in documents.

A

REFLECTIVE UV PHOTOGRAPHY (RUP)

50
Q

Commonly used in forensics to detect and document biological substances (such as blood, semen, and other bodily fluids) at crime scenes.

A

UV FLUORESCENCE PHOTOGRAPHY (UFP)

51
Q

Yes or No. Does infrared visible to human eye?

A

NO

52
Q

What are the three (3) important things on developing photos.

A

DEVELOPER, STOP BATH , AND FIXER

53
Q

He discovered the infrared radiation on 1800

A

William Herschel

54
Q

Closer to the microwave section on the electromagnetic spectrum, can be felt as intense heat, such as the heat from sunlight or fire, according to NASA.

A

LONGER “FAR-INFRARED” WAVES

55
Q

Closer to visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum, don’t emit any detectable heat and are what’s discharged from a TV remote control to change the channels.

A

SHORTER “NEAR-INFRARED” WAVES

56
Q

Used by crime scene investigators as a non destructive test for examining gunshot residue (GSR) on dark and multi-colored fabrics found at the crime scene.

A

INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY

57
Q

A liquid that is used to reveal the bloodstains of a crime scene. An organic compound that exhibits chemiluminescence, or a glowing quality, when mixed with the iron found in blood.

A

LUMINOL

58
Q

An even more detailed use of infrared technology in forensics. It allows forensic analysts to figure out exactly what a piece of trace evidence is made up of.

A

INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

59
Q

Is used as night vision devices, but at a higher magnification.These systems scan for visible light in night time settings and absorb it. This light is then magnified and depicted in images with a greenish tint.
Requires nearby visible light.

A

NIGHT VISION

60
Q

A basic technology that works in the same way as a regular camera but amplifies any light available.

A

IMAGE INTENSIFIER

61
Q

Is simply the process of converting infrared (IR) radiation (heat) into visible images that depict the spatial distribution of temperature differences in a scene. Is another useful technique used in law enforcement. people can be detected in complete darkness.

A

THERMAL IMAGING

FORENSIC 1, CRIM 102 & 3, CLJ 2, LEA 2, CDI 2, CA 1 (3 decks)

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