Forelimb: Muscles Flashcards
M. Trapezium Pars cervicalis- insertion
Pars cervicalis- Spina scapulae (except ventral part)
M. Trapezium Pars cervicalis- origin
Pars cervicalis- median fibrous raphe (cranially to C3)
M. Trapezium- Function
Pars cervicalis- advances the limb (ventral angle rotates cranially)
Pars thoracica- retracts the limb (rotates caudally)
Together- lift the limb (rise scapula against trunk)
M. Trapezium: Pars thoracica- Origin
Pars thoracica- Lig. Supraspinale (caudally to T9)
M. Trapezium: Pars thoracica- Insertion
Pars thoracica- Spina scapulae (dorsal third)
M. Latissimus dorsi- Origin
Broad aponeurosis of Superficial Thoracolunbar Fascia
+ Lateral surface of last three ribs
M. Latissimus dorsi- Insertion
Humurus: Tuberositas teres major
+Fascia of the medial m. Triceps brachii caput longum
M. Latissimus dorsi- Function
Free limb: unilateral retraction of limb
Flexion of shoulder
Fixed limb: trunk forward and Flexion of the back
M. Rhomboideus capitis- Origin
Lateral edge of m. M. Rhomboideus cervicis at C4
M. Rhomboideus capitis- insertion
Crista nuchae
M. Rhomboideus cervicis- origin
Median fibrous raphe (cranially C2)
+Spinous processes T1-T3
M. Rhomboideus cervicis- insertion
Scapula- medially on dorsal margin
M. Rhomboideus thoracis- Origin
Spinous processes T4-T7
M. Rhomboideus thoracis- Insertion
Scapula- medially on dorsal margin
+Laterally just cranially to caudal angle
M. Rhomboideus:-Function
Free limb- advance or retract, elevation of scapula and limb
Fixed limb- bilateral stabilize head, extension of neck
Unilateral Flexion of neck laterally
M. Cleidobrachialis- Origin
Distal component of m. Brachiocephalicus
Intersectio clavicularis
M. Cleidobrachialis- Insertion
Humurus- Crista humerii, medial (relatively distal)
M. Cleidocephalicus- Origin
Intersectio clavicularis
M. Cleidocephalicus cervical part- insertion
Crostata nuchae
+median fibrous raphe of neck
M. Cleidocephalicus mastoide part- insertion
Temporal bone- Mastoid proc.
M. Brachicephalicus- Function
Free limb- advances the limb
Fixed limb- bilateral flexes the neck, unilateral flexes the neck laterally
M. Omotransversarius- Origin
Scapula- spine (ventral part)
M. Omotransversarius- Insertion
Wing of the atlas
M. Omotransversarius- Function
Free limb- advances the limb
Fixed limb- bilateral contraction flexes the neck, unilateral flexes neck laterally
M. Pectoralis descendens (superficial)- Origin
Manubrium sterni
The smaller, cranial part of the Mm. Pectoralis superficialis
M. Pectoralis descendens (superficial)- Insertion
Humurus- Major tubercle crest, distal part
Together with- M. Pectoralis transversus
M. Pectoralis descendens- Function
Protraction (forward) or retraction
Adduction (towards middle line of body)
M. Pectoralis transversus (superficial)- Origin
Sternum- ventral part including manubrium to the 3rd costal cartilage
M. Pectoralis transversus (superficial)- Insertion
Humurus- grate tubercle crest, distal part
Together with- M. Pectoralis descendens
M. Pectoralis transversus (superficial)- Function
Protraction or retraction
Adduction
M. Pectoralis profundus- Origin
Sternum- on the ventral midline
M. Pectoralis profundus- Insertion
Humurus- Tub. Minus
+ sends a band of muscle and aponeurosis to the cranio-medial part of Tub. Majus and proximal Crista tuberculi majoris
M. Pectoralis profundus- Function
Free limb- retraction and addction. If limb is not supporting weight- can flex the shoulder
Fixed limb (supporting weight)- trunk forward, shoulder extension (Scapula and Humurus grow apart)
Suspension of the trunk
(השריר מחובר לחיבור בין שתי עצמות כמעט, לדמיין מה קורה כאשר ההומוריסטי לא יכול לזוז בחלקו הדיסטאלי)
M. Serratus Ventralis cervical part- Origin
Transvers processes C3-C7
M. Serratus Ventralis thoracic part- Origin
Ribs 1-8- lateral surface
M. Serratus ventralis- insertion
Scapula- Facies serrata
M. Serratus ventralis cervical part- Function
Free limb- retraction of the limb (rotates Scapula counter-clockwise)
Fixed limb- bilateral lifts the neck (extension), unilateral flexes the neck laterally
Whole muscle suspends trunk
M. Serratus ventralis thoracic part-Function
Limb forward
M. Deltoideus pars scapularis- Origin
Scapula- broad aponeurosis of the spine
M. Deltoideus pars acromialis- Origin
Scapula- Acromion
M. Deltoideus- Insertion
Humurus- Tuberositas deltoidea
M. Deltoideus- Function
Flexion of the shoulder joint
M. Teres minor- Origin
Scapula- Tub. Infraglenoidale
+Distal caudal margin
M. Teres minor- Insertion
Humurus- tuberositas teres minor on the linea m. Tricipitis
M. Teres minor- Function
Flexion of shoulder point ( same as deltoid)
M. Infraspinatus- Origin
Scapula- Fossa infraspinata (no tendon)
M. Infraspinata- Insertion
Humurus- Facies m. Infraspinati (lateral side of grate tub.) by means of a Tendon
M. Infraspinatus- Function
Flexion (maybe extension) of the shoulder, abduction and outward rotation of Humurus
The tendon acts as a lateral collateral ligament- stabilizes shoulder
M. Supraspinatus- Origin
Scapula- Fossa supraspinata (no tendon)
M. Supraspinatus- Insertion
Humurus- Tub. Majus
M. Supraspinatus- Function
Extension and stabilization of shoulder joint
Strong tendon of insertion acts as a lateral collateral ligament
M. Coracobrachialis- Origin
Medial muscle
Scapula- proc. coracoideus
Long tendon
M. Coracobrachialis- Insertion
Medial muscle
Humurus- Crista tub. minoris
Distal part, caudal to the insertion of m. Triceps brachii medial head
M. Coracobrachialis- Function
Medial muscle
Adduction and extention of shoulder
M. Subscapularis- Origin
Medial muscle
Scapula- Fossa subscapularis
M. Subscapularis- Insertion
Medial muscle
Humurus- Tub. Minus
M. Subscapularis- Function
Medial muscle
Flexion, extension, adduction and stabilization of the shoulder
Strong tendon of insertion acts as a medial collateral ligament
M. Teres major- Origin
Both lateral and medial muscle
Scapula- caudal angle and proximal caudal margin
Origin in the lateral side
M. Teres major- Insertion
Both medial and lateral muscle
Humurus- Tuberositas teres major
Medial aspect of Humurus, cranially to the m. triceps brachii medial insertion
Insertion in the medial side
M. Teres major- Function
Both medial and lateral muscle
Flexion of the shoulder
M. Biceps brachii- Origin
Medial muscle
Scapula- Tub. Supraglenoidale
The tendon run between the tubercles, held in place by Bursa intertubercularis and the deep pectoral muscle
M. Biceps brachii- Insertion
Medial muscle
Ulna and radius- tendon divides into two- stronger part on medial ulna, distally to the coronoid process.
-weaker part on tuberositas radii.
The insertion is sheared with the m. Brachialis
M. Biceps brachii- Function
Medial muscle
Flexion of elbow joint
Extension of shoulder joint
M. Triceps brachii long head- Origin
Scapula- Tub. Infraglenoidale and distal caudal margin
M. Triceps brachii latera head- Origin
Humurus- Linea m. Tricipitis
M. Triceps brachii medial head- Origin
Humurus- Crista tub. Minoris
Caudal to the tuberositas teres major, cranial to the insertion of m. Corocobrachialis
M. Triceps brachii accessory head- Origin
Humurus- Caudal surface of neck (just under the head)
M. Triceps brachii- Insertion
Ulna- Olecranon
The tendon is surrounded by Bursa- B. Subtendinea m. Triceps brachii between tendon and olecranon and between the tendon and the skin- B. Subcutanea olecrani
M. Triceps brachii- Function
Extension of elbow
Long head is a powerful flexor of the shoulder
