Forelimb

Question 1

What are the parent arteries?

Answer 1

Aorta

Brachiocephalic

Question 2

What are the major arteries?

Answer 2

Subclavian
Brachial
Collateral ulnar
Median
Palmar metacarpal*
Pallmar common digital*

Question 3

Where are the arteries situated?

Answer 3

Medially

Question 4

What nerves are in the forelimb?

Answer 4

Suprascapular
Subscapular
Axillary
Musculocutaneous
Radial
Ulnar
Median
Thoracodorsal*

Question 5

Where do the nerves of the forelimb make up?

Answer 5

The brachial plexus

Question 6

Define brachial plexus?

Answer 6

An interchange of nerves, coming from the last cervical and first thoracic nerves, that are dispersed to different locations of the limb supplying different muscles.

Question 7

What happens when the suprascapular nerve is damaged?

Answer 7

Muscle atrophy (supraspinatus) and lateral movement of shoulder joint

Question 8

What muscle is supplied by the axillary nerve?

Answer 8

Deltoideus

Question 9

What types of radial nerve damage is there?

Answer 9

Paralysis of the elbow
Paralysis of the carpal and digital extensors
Skin sensation loss

Question 10

What is exhibited when the radial nerve is damaged?

Answer 10

Knuckled paws, elbow drops and dorsal surface of paw touching ground with loss of sensation.

Question 11

Why does the elbow drop with radial nerve damage?

Answer 11

Because elbow flexors are unopposed

Question 12

Why do paws knuckle when radial n. damage occurs?

Answer 12

Because distal flexors are unopposed

Question 13

Describe what is seen with paralysis of the elbow extensors

Answer 13

Elbow drops, cannot be fixed, cannot bare weight on limb, useless for locomotion

Question 14

Describe what is seen with paralysis of the carpal and digital extensors

Answer 14

Paw knuckles over so dorsum is touching ground

Question 15

Describe what is seen with loss of skin sensation

Answer 15

Trauma

Question 16

Where is the damage if an animal is exhibiting loss of skin sensation and paralysis of the carpus and digital extensors?

Answer 16

Distal radial nerve damage

Question 17

Where is the damage if an animal is exhibiting loss of skin sensation only?

Answer 17

Below branches that supply the digital extensor muscles

Question 18

What are the major veins of the forelimb?

Answer 18

Cephalic
Accessory cephalic*
Brachial
Axillobrachial
Median Cuboidal
Dorsal pedal veins*

Question 19

What vessel(s) are good for pulse taking in the forelimb?

Answer 19

Brachial and median

Question 20

What vessel(s) are good for taking blood samples?

Answer 20

Jugular*

Cephalic (very small volumes)

Question 21

What vessel(s) are good for IV admin?

Answer 21

Cephalic