Foreign policy under Lenin Flashcards
What were the motives for allied country to intervene in Russia?
- In 1918, it was to keep Russia fighting in world war I to prevent/delay the move of German troops to the west
- To protect the vast dump of armaments that were shipped to Russia by the allies
- Anti-bolshevism
- Continued due to the separate moves of the allied governments
What spies were sent over?
- America sent over 3 spies including John Reed
- Britain also sent 3 including Arthur Ransom, who had left wing sympathies, and Sidney Reilly, an intelligence agent
Troops from which countries were sent to north Russia alongside British troops and navy officers?
French, Australian, Italian and Canadian as well as 11,000 Estonian troops in the war of independence
What other troops were at Vladivostok and the far east?
- 2000 Chinese troops
- British and Japanese via a warship in January 1918
What troops were in Southern Russia?
- Ukrainian
- French troops to support the white army
- British navy
- Turkish troops in the Caucasus
Who controlled sections of the Trans-Siberian railway?
Czech legion
What services did the USA provide?
The largest intervention with 11,000 troops at Vladivostok in August 1918 and 4500 in North Russia as President Wilson was not convinced of their purpose so they were pulled out in June 1919 but some remained in Vladivostok until 1920
What happened in Britain?
- Britain adopted a smash Bolshevism policy but unsure whether to support Kolchak or Denikin as Anti-Bolshevik leaders
- Socialists and trade unionists in Britain wanted a hand’s off Russia policy in 1919 and 1920 so the government settled for a contradictory policy of no interreference in Russia but aiding white armies where possible
What happened in March 1918?
After the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, British forces were sent to Murmansk starting a naval blockade of trade and shipping
What happened in November 1918?
In a three day battle on the Archangel’sk front, Baku was occupied by British forces and other allied forces landed in the black sea
What happened in February 1919?
Arrival of German forces in Latvia to oppose the red army
What happened in March 1919?
President Wilson sent William C Bullitt on a secret mission to discuss compromise peace whilst Lenin was preoccupied with anti-Bolshevik victories in the civil war and the impact of a trade blockade. Lenin reluctantly agreed to the peace offer but France, Britain and even Wilson didn’t accept it
What happened in August 1919?
British naval assault on Soviet battle fleet at Petrograd
What happened in January 1920?
Allied government call off the blockade
What happened in March 1920?
Defeated white armies were evacuated by British warships