Foreign Policy : Scotland And Ireland 1539-47

Question 1

Ireland

Answer 1

• Invasion of the pale 1539 - two nobles invaded the pale and the gov eventually regained control but it established Ireland as a separate kingdom in 1541
• end of Henry’s reign there was no Irish loyalty to english crown, religious differences
• Ireland more centralised monarchical state

Question 2

Scotland

Answer 2

Not a threat since battle of flooded 1513
1542 battle of solway moss - military success for english
1543 treaty of Greenwich - marriage Edward and Mary, treaty collapsed, Scotland look for independence
1544 and 1545 border raids - led by earl of Hertford = henry long term financial issues

Question 3

How important was armed conflict in the 1540’s ?

Answer 3

Very important
Scottish frontiers threat when weren’t before
Many conflicts between england and Ireland
Battle of solway moss
Secured northern border and prevented further invasion

Question 4

To what extent were final years different to rest of reign?

Answer 4

Henry health deteriorated and becoming paranoid
Executed Cromwell + more
Earlier on he was less violent

Question 5

How successful was Henry’s foreign policy in 1540’s?

Answer 5

Yes
-> preserved and protected tudor dynasty from foreign or domestic threats
-> capture of boulogne

No
-> did not make any significant foreign marriage alliances for himself or his family

Question 6

Summary of foreign policy in 1540’s

Answer 6

Both successful and unsuccessful
Demonstrated military success : battle of flooded, solway moss BUT gained nothing long term from Scotland
He did lots of his actions for personal reasons not for the country