foreign policy Flashcards
henry’s foreign policy aims
-to maintain good relations with european powers (allowing him to consolidate his power at home)
-to gain international recognition for the tudor dynasty
-to maintain national security
-to defend english trading interests
1487 (france and brittany)
france invaded the Duchy of Brittany (the last independent area within france)
the death of Duke Francis ii of Brittany , without a male heir was the excuse
1489 (brittany and france)
treaty of redon
treaty of redon
1489
henry agreed to support the claim of Duke Francis ii’s young daughter, duchess Anne
although anxious not to antagonise the french
1491 (france and brittany)
6000 english volunteers went to Brittany but Anne surrendered to the French
it was arranged that she’d marry Charles Viii of france -ending breton independence
1492 (france)
based on intelligence that charles was more interested in invading italy than fighting the english,
henry raised 2 parliamentary subsidies and invaded france with 26,000 men
french rapidly sought peace
nov 1492 (france)
treaty of etaples
treaty of etaples
nov 1492
charles agreed that he would no longer assist any pretenders to the english throne
henry would also receive 745,000 crowns paid in annual instalments of 50,000 crowns
(around 5% of henry’s annual income)
1493 (burgundy)
henry broke trade relations with burgundy following margaret’s support of warbeck
1496 (burgundy)
henry and philip agreed the intercursus magnus
intercursus magnus
1496
ended trade embargo
margaret recognised henry as king
1503 (burgundy)
margaret dies
1506 (burgundy)
philip and his wife (juana) blown into english coast
henry entertained them for 3 months and negotiated 2 treaties
treaties agreed in 1506 (burgundy)
treaty of windsor
intercursus malus
treaty of windsor
1506
recognised philips claim to castile and they promised to assist eachother against rebels
intercursus malus
1506
trade treaty
further agreements made in 1506 (burgundy)
philip handed over Yorkist Earl of Suffolk
marriage arranged between henry and philips sister margaret
(philip died in sep and trade treaty never got implemented
1507 (burgundy)
a third treaty reverted to the terms or first intercursus
last years of foreign policy and henry’s reign
-enters ‘holy league’ but refuses to go to war with france
-1503 elizabeth of yorks death weakened henry’s succession
-he tried unsuccessfully to re enter marriage
-death of isabella meant henry and ferdinand were both looking for wives at the same time (tension)
-took juanas side in battle of castile (isolated)
-relations more secure by 1508
1489 (spain)
treaty of medina del campo
treaty of medina del campo
agreed a marriage alliance between catherine of aragon and prince arthur
1503 (spain)
a treaty was signed following arthur’s death in 1502
marriage between henry viii and catherine of aragon planned for 1506
1504 (spain)
isabella dies, henry supported the claims of juana to succeed in castile
1506 (spain)
philips death led ferdinand to deprive his daughter of her inheritance
the marriage between henry and catherine was jeopardised and didn’t happen until 1509
1485-95 (scotland)
anglo-scottish relations were tense
1495-96 (scotland)
james iv of scotland supported war beck and provided a small army to invade england in 1496
1497 (scotland)
truce of ayton
1502 (scotland)
truce of ayton became a full peace treaty (the treaty of perpetual peace)
1503 (scotland)
james iv married henry’s daughter margaret to seal the treaty of perpetual peace
1486 (ireland)
earl of kildare crowned lambert simnel king of ireland (also supported warbeck)
1495 (ireland)
henry had replaced kildare with sir edward poynings who passed ‘poynings law’
poynings’ law
meant irish parliament needed the approval of english monarch to pass laws
