foreign policy

Question 1

henry’s foreign policy aims

Answer 1

-to maintain good relations with european powers (allowing him to consolidate his power at home)
-to gain international recognition for the tudor dynasty
-to maintain national security
-to defend english trading interests

Question 2

1487 (france and brittany)

Answer 2

france invaded the Duchy of Brittany (the last independent area within france)
the death of Duke Francis ii of Brittany , without a male heir was the excuse

Question 3

1489 (brittany and france)

Answer 3

treaty of redon

Question 4

treaty of redon

Answer 4

1489
henry agreed to support the claim of Duke Francis ii’s young daughter, duchess Anne
although anxious not to antagonise the french

Question 5

1491 (france and brittany)

Answer 5

6000 english volunteers went to Brittany but Anne surrendered to the French
it was arranged that she’d marry Charles Viii of france -ending breton independence

Question 6

1492 (france)

Answer 6

based on intelligence that charles was more interested in invading italy than fighting the english,
henry raised 2 parliamentary subsidies and invaded france with 26,000 men
french rapidly sought peace

Question 7

nov 1492 (france)

Answer 7

treaty of etaples

Question 8

treaty of etaples

Answer 8

nov 1492
charles agreed that he would no longer assist any pretenders to the english throne
henry would also receive 745,000 crowns paid in annual instalments of 50,000 crowns
(around 5% of henry’s annual income)

Question 9

1493 (burgundy)

Answer 9

henry broke trade relations with burgundy following margaret’s support of warbeck

Question 10

1496 (burgundy)

Answer 10

henry and philip agreed the intercursus magnus

Question 11

intercursus magnus

Answer 11

1496
ended trade embargo
margaret recognised henry as king

Question 12

1503 (burgundy)

Answer 12

margaret dies

Question 13

1506 (burgundy)

Answer 13

philip and his wife (juana) blown into english coast
henry entertained them for 3 months and negotiated 2 treaties

Question 14

treaties agreed in 1506 (burgundy)

Answer 14

treaty of windsor
intercursus malus

Question 15

treaty of windsor

Answer 15

1506
recognised philips claim to castile and they promised to assist eachother against rebels

Question 16

intercursus malus

Answer 16

1506
trade treaty

Question 17

further agreements made in 1506 (burgundy)

Answer 17

philip handed over Yorkist Earl of Suffolk
marriage arranged between henry and philips sister margaret
(philip died in sep and trade treaty never got implemented

Question 18

1507 (burgundy)

Answer 18

a third treaty reverted to the terms or first intercursus

Question 19

last years of foreign policy and henry’s reign

Answer 19

-enters ‘holy league’ but refuses to go to war with france
-1503 elizabeth of yorks death weakened henry’s succession
-he tried unsuccessfully to re enter marriage
-death of isabella meant henry and ferdinand were both looking for wives at the same time (tension)
-took juanas side in battle of castile (isolated)
-relations more secure by 1508

Question 20

1489 (spain)

Answer 20

treaty of medina del campo

Question 21

treaty of medina del campo

Answer 21

agreed a marriage alliance between catherine of aragon and prince arthur

Question 22

1503 (spain)

Answer 22

a treaty was signed following arthur’s death in 1502
marriage between henry viii and catherine of aragon planned for 1506

Question 23

1504 (spain)

Answer 23

isabella dies, henry supported the claims of juana to succeed in castile

Question 24

1506 (spain)

Answer 24

philips death led ferdinand to deprive his daughter of her inheritance
the marriage between henry and catherine was jeopardised and didn’t happen until 1509

Question 25

1485-95 (scotland)

Answer 25

anglo-scottish relations were tense

Question 26

1495-96 (scotland)

Answer 26

james iv of scotland supported war beck and provided a small army to invade england in 1496

Question 27

1497 (scotland)

Answer 27

truce of ayton

Question 28

1502 (scotland)

Answer 28

truce of ayton became a full peace treaty (the treaty of perpetual peace)

Question 29

1503 (scotland)

Answer 29

james iv married henry’s daughter margaret to seal the treaty of perpetual peace

Question 30

1486 (ireland)

Answer 30

earl of kildare crowned lambert simnel king of ireland (also supported warbeck)

Question 31

1495 (ireland)

Answer 31

henry had replaced kildare with sir edward poynings who passed ‘poynings law’

Question 32

poynings’ law

Answer 32

meant irish parliament needed the approval of english monarch to pass laws