Foreign policy Flashcards
What was the locarno pact/ when
1925
Mutually guaranteed peace in Western Europe, make conflict less likely
-Germany, France, UK, Italy
–> Secured Boarders with France and Germany
–> Ensured permanent demilitarisation of Rhineland
–>begin negotiations to allow Germany into LoN
Successes/ failures of Locarno Pact
Invited to such important event suggests equal to Great powers
Helped popularity
Failed to link negotiations on Italy and Austria Boarders
Italy and Anschluss
Austria was a crucial buffer
1934 first attempt at anschluss, M moved equiptment between Austria and Italy
What was the four power pact 1933
Mussolini feared Hitler would persue Anschluss so tried to rbing Britian, France, Germany together
Hoped to appease/ control Germany + undermine LoN
Never ratified by France
What was the STressa Front 1935
a coalition formed between Britain, France and Italy to oppose the foreign policy actions of Hitler following his announcement of secret rearmament
Mussolini claimed that he reached an anti-german agreement with France in return for support of imperialistic goals in Africa (abyssinia)
Aims in Spanish Civil War (5)
Hoped to put pressure of UK/ France to give concessions to stop him fighting with Hitler
Gain strategic ally in Mediterranean + undermine French Influence
Gain naval bases
SPread Authoritarian nationalist regimes
Keep momentum of Abyssinia
WHat / when did Italy and Germany have informal cooperation
What did it meanb
1936 ROme-BErlin Access
Pledged to persue common Foreign policy
-> Germany take advantage of Italys Economic problems
What was the ‘Gentlemans agreement’/ when
1937
Agreement with UK to limit Italys intervention in Spanish Civil war
-Repect the rights of the other in the mediterranean
Italy largely ignored it
When was the ANti-commintern Pact
1936
Germany + Italy + Japan
When did Italy leave the LoN and what did this mean?
1937
Confirmed place alongside Germany
Ended Stressa Front
When did Italy invade French Alps
1940
What happened with Libya in the war
1940 ROld troops in Libya to attack British soldiers
When UK counter-attacked, italian mass retreat
Troop of 30,000 Defeated Italian 250,000
Lost Libya 1942
Why did Italyu invade greece 1940?
Hoped to increase strategic position as Germany went against agreement and seemed to be pushing German influence in Balaks despite separate spheres of influence
Though Greece would have 30,000
Why did Italy fail in Greece
Though Greece would have 30,000, had 300,000, italy had 60,000
Believed Bulgaria would join, didn’t
Did Not coordinate attack with navy or airforce
How many tonnes did Mussolini say he would need to Hitler?
170 million
