Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SF 1- Exam 1 > Forearm Script > Flashcards

Forearm Script Flashcards

1
Q

Carpal bone (List)

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The heads of the 2nd to 5th metacarpals form the ___________

A

Knuckles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

During flexion of the hand, more flexion occurs at which joint?

A

. During flexion of the hand, more movement occurs at the midcarpal joint than at the wrist joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Components of a metacarpal

A

Head, shaft, and base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is the wrist joint formed?

A

The wrist joint is a synovial joint, in whcih the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetum articulate with the distal end of the radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint

*The articular disc is subject to degeneration and thinning as we age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the mudcarpal joint?

A

Synovial joint in which the carpals of the distal row articulate with the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 movements provide for by wrist and midcarpal joints

A

Flexion

Extension

Abduction

Adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

During extension of the hand does more movement occur at the wrist joint or the midcarpal joint?

A

Wrist joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whereas the __________ joint provides almost all the carpal movements responsible for abduction of the hand, the _________ joint provides almost all the carpal movements responsible for adduction of the hand.

A

midcarpal;wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which finger is the only finger thatn can be abducted in two directions?

A

Middle finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which joint is involved in extension, flexion, abduction, and adduction of the thumb?

A

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Carpometacarpal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Direct or indirect pressure to the anatomical snuffbox can be used to determine whether or not which bone is fractured?

A

Schaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fracture of the ___________is one of the most common wrist injuries to occur in individuals of all ages.

A

scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is it so important to treat scaphoid fractures in a timely manner?

A

Because they are at risk of avascular necrosis the more proximal fragment of the bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

As the median nerve extends into the forearm, it gives rise to a major branch called the _____________. The median nerve and its anterior interosseous branch innervate all the anterior forearm muscles except ___________and the medial half of _____________

A

anterior interosseous nerve; flexor carpi ulnaris; flexor digitorum profundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the forearm, the ___________ innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus.

A

ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As the radial nerve extends through the distal arm, it innervates three posterior forearm muscles: __________, __________, and ____________.

A

anconeus, brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

As the radial nerve then extends into the forearm, it divides into two branches: the__________ and the ____________.

A

superficial radial nerve; deep radial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The deep radial nerve innervates which muscles?

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Supinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The deep radial nerve pierces supinator as it innervates the muscle; upon exiting supinator, the name of the deep radial nerve changes to the _____________

A

posterior interosseous nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which two muscles of the anterior forearm pronate the forearm?

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pronator quadratus is innervated by the_______________, and pronator teres is innervated by the _____________.

A

anterior interosseous nerve; median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Aside from pronation, what additional action can the pronator teres do?

A

Flex the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which three anterior forearm muscles move the hand at the wrist and midcarpal joints?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris Longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Flexor carpi radialis can _________and _______ the hand; it is innervated by the ___________. Flexor carpi ulnaris can _______ and _______the hand; it is innervated by the __________. Palmaris longus can ________ the hand; it is innervated by the __________.

A

flex ; abduct; median nerve

flex; adduct; ulnar nerve

flex; median nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where does the palmaris longus muscle insert?

A

Flexor retinaculum (in wrist)

Palmar aponeurosis (in hand)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The flexor reticulum is attached medially to the ________and ________ and laterally to the _________ and _________.

A

hamate; pisiform

scaphoid; trapezium

28
Q

Which anterior forearm muscles flex the thumb?

A

Flexor pollicis longus

29
Q

Which anterior forearm muscles flex the fingers?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor digitorum superficialis

30
Q

The flexor pollicis longus is innervated by the ___________.

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

31
Q

Innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

Ulnar nerve (medial part)

Anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part)

32
Q

The flexor digitorum superficialis is innervated by the__________

A

median nerve

33
Q

The __________ forms the roof of the carpal tunnel.

A

Flexor retinaculum

34
Q

Which major structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

A

The median nerve

Tendons of the flexor pollicis longus

Tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis

Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus

35
Q

A ___________ is an elongated bursa wrapped around a tendon.

A

synovial sheath

36
Q

What is the radial bursa?

A

a collection of synovial fluid around the Tendon of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle, the primary flexor of the thumb. It is primarily to keep the muscle tendon lubricated during it’s movements and reduce friction.

37
Q

______ is the spinal nerve which provides most of the nerve fivers that control flexion of the thumb and fingers at their interphalangeal joint.

A

C8

*C8 provides most of the nerve fibers to the prime movers (flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superfiacialis, and flexor profundus)

38
Q

What is compartment syndrome? Which compartments are most sensitive to comparment syndrom?

A

Any condition tht leads to compression of blood vessels, nerves, and muscles in muscle compartments of the limbs.

The anterior and posterior muscle compartments of the forearm and the anterior, lateral, deep posterior, and superficial posterior muscle compartments of the leg are the limb compartments most sensitive to compartment syndrome.

39
Q

Which type of fracture is common in children that fall on an outstreched hand? What are the risk factors?

A

A supracondylar fracture of the humerus

Risk factors

  • Swelling
  • Ischemic necrosis (if swelling goes untreated)
40
Q

Volkmann’s ischemic contracture

A

permanent flexion contracture of the hand at the wrist, resulting in a claw-like deformity of the hand and fingers. Passive extension of fingers is restricted and painful.

41
Q

Anconeus can _________ the forearm; it is innervated by the _________.

A

extend; radial nerve.

42
Q

Brachioradialis’ major action is _________ of the forearm. It is innervated by the________.

A

flexion; radial nerve

43
Q

Innervation of supinator

A

deep radial nerve

44
Q

Upon existing the posterior surface of the supinator, the name of the deep radial nerve changes to the ____________

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

45
Q

Supinator is innervated by only __ and _______ nerve fibers.

A

C5; C6

46
Q

What are the three posterior forearm muscles that move the hand at the wrist and the midcarpal joints?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor carpi ulnaris

47
Q

Action of the extensor carpi radialis longus. Innervation?

A

Extend and abduct the hand

Radial nerve

48
Q

Action of the extensor carpi brevis. Innervation?

A

Extend and abduct the hand

Deep radial nerve

49
Q

Action of the extensor carpi ulnaris. Innervation?

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

50
Q

Wrist drop

A

medical condition in which the wrist and the fingers cannot extend at the metacarpophalangeal joints.

Results from pressure of radial nerve in axilla

51
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles extend the thumb?

A

Abductor pollicis longus

Externsor pollicis brevis

Extensor pollicis longus

52
Q

The three mosterior forearm muscles which extend the thumb are all innervated by the _______________.

A

Posterior interoseous nerve

53
Q

The anatomical snuffbox is a highly clinically relevant surface anatomy feature because it is used to help diagnose a fractured ___________.

A

scaphoid.

* The most commonly fractured carpal

54
Q

The extensor digiti minimi and extensor digitorum are innervated by the ___________.

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

55
Q

Which joints do the extensor digiti minimi and extensor digitorum extend the fingers at?

A

Metacarpophalangeal

Interphalangeal

56
Q

What is the extensor expansion?

A

the special connective attachments by which theextensor tendons insert into the phalanges

57
Q

Action and innervation the extensor indicis

A

Action: Extend the index finder at its metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

58
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, and extensor digiti minimi all originate from the ___________ of the humerus via a common tendon of origin called the ___________

A

lateral epicondyle; common extensor tendon.

59
Q

Lateral epicondylitis

A

due to excessive use of the muscles of the back of the forearm

chronic tendinosis

Deneration of the common extensor tendon

60
Q

The ulnar artery and ulnar nerve both extend from the forearm into the hand by passing superficial to the _____________

A

flexor retinaculum.

61
Q

Upon entering the hand, the ulnar nerve divides into two terminal branches: a _______________ and a _____________.

A

superficial ulnar nerve; deep ulnar nerve

62
Q

The ____________ is the most commonly dislocated carpal.

A

lunate

63
Q

Which type of dislocation is most common?

A

Anterior dislocation

64
Q

Which nerve fiber provides most of the sensory innervation to the skin on the medial side of the forearm?

A

C6

65
Q

Which nerve fiber provides most of the sensory inenrvation to the skin on the medial side of the forearm?

A

T1

SF 1- Exam 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions