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Anatomy Of Upper limbs > Forearm > Flashcards

Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

The radius and ulna are joined by?

A

An interrosseous membrane

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2
Q

The head of the ulna is the __________whereas the head of the radius is the __________

A

Distal end and proximal end

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3
Q

The forearm is divided into?

A

Anterior compartment and posterior compartment

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4
Q

The anterior compartment is made up of__________and _________

A

Flexors and pronators

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5
Q

The posterior compartment is made up of _______and _________

A

Extensors and supinators

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6
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?

A
  1. Superficial muscles
  2. Intermediate muscles
  3. Deep muscles
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7
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  1. Flexor Carpi ulnaris
  2. Palmaris longus
  3. Flexor Carpi radials
  4. Pronator teres
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8
Q

Where do the superficial muscles originate from?

A

They originates from a common tendon which arise from the medial epicondyle of the humerus

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9
Q

What is the origin of flexor Carpi ulnaris?

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle and has a long origin from the ulna

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor Carpi ulnaris?

A

Attaches to the pisiform, hook of hamate bone and metacarpal 5

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11
Q

What is the innervation of the flexors Carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

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12
Q

What is the action of the flexor Carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexion and adduction at the wrist

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13
Q

What is the origin of flexor Carpi radialis?

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor Carpi radialis?

A

Attaches to the base of metacarpal 2

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15
Q

What is the innervation of flexor Carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

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16
Q

What is the action of flexor Carpi radialis?

A

Flexion and abduction of the wrist

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17
Q

What muscle is absent in about 15% of the population?

A

Palmaris longus muscle

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18
Q

What is the origin of the palmaris longus?

A

Originates from the medial epicondyle

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19
Q

What is the insertion of the palmaris longus?

A

Attaches to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?

A

Median nerve

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21
Q

What is the action of the palmaris longus?

A

Flexion of the wrist

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22
Q

What border of the pronator teres forms the medial border of the cubital fossa?

A

The lateral border

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23
Q

What is the origin of the pronator teres?

A
  1. Medial epicondyle
  2. Coronoid process of the ulna
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24
Q

What is the insertion of the pronator teres?

A

Attaches laterally to the mid-shaft of the radius

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25
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

26
Q

What is the action of the pronator teres?

A

Pronation of the forearm

27
Q

What is the intermediate muscle of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficaialis

28
Q

Why does the flexor digitorum superficaialis muscle serve as a good anatomical landmark of the forearm?

A

Because the median nerve and ulnar artery pass between it’s two heads and then travel posteriorly

29
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum superficaialis?

A
  1. Originates from the medial epicondyle
  2. Originates from the radius
30
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficaialis?

A

It’s attaches to the middle phalanges of the four fingers

31
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficaialis?

A

Median nerve

32
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficaialis?

A

It flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and the proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers and flexes the wrist

33
Q

What are the deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus
  2. Flexor pollicis longus
  3. Pronator quadratus
34
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Originates from the ulna and interosseous membrane

35
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

It attaches to the distal phalanges of the 4 fingers

36
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A
  1. Medial half is innervated by the ulnar nerve
  2. Lateral half is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve
37
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A
  1. It is the only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers
  2. It flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and the wrist
38
Q

What muscle lies laterally to the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Flexor pollicis longus

39
Q

What is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus

A

Originates from the anterior surface of the radius and the interosseous membrane

40
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

It attaches to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

41
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Anterior interrosseous branch of the median nerve

42
Q

What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flexes the interphalangeal joints and the metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb

43
Q

A square shaped muscle found deep to the flexor digitorum profundus and the flexor pollicis longus is ?

A

Pronator quadratus

44
Q

What is the origin of the pronator quadratus?

A

Originates form the anterior surface of the ulna

45
Q

What is the insertion of the pronator quadratus?

A

It attaches to the anterior surface of the radius

46
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?

A

Anterior interrosseous branch of the median nerve

47
Q

What is the action of pronator quadratus?

A

Pronates the forearm

48
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  1. Superficial muscles
  2. Deep muscles
49
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the deep compartment of the forearm?

A
  1. Brachioradialis
  2. Extensor Carpi radialis longus
  3. Extensor Carpi radialis brevis
  4. Extensor digitorum
  5. Extensor Carpi ulnaris
  6. Extensor Carpi minimi
  7. Anconeus
50
Q

What is the origin of the brachioradialis?

A

Originates from the proximal aspect of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

51
Q

What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?

A

It Attaches to the distal end of the radius

52
Q

What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

53
Q

What is the action of the brachioradialis?

A

Flexes at the elbow

54
Q

What is the origin of the extensor Carpi radialis longus?

A

Originates from the supracondylar ridge of the humerus

55
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor Carpi radialis longus?

A

Attaches to the metacarpal bone 2

56
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor Carpi radialis longus?

A

Radial nerve

57
Q

What is the origin of the extensor Carpi radialis brevis?

A

Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

58
Q

What is the insertion of extensor Carpi radialis brevis?

A

Attaches to the metacarpal bone 3

59
Q

What is the innervation of extensor Carpi radialis brevis?

A

Radial nerve

60
Q

What is the action of extensor Carpi radialis brevis?

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

61
Q

What is the origin of extensor digitorum?

A

Originates from the lateral epicondyle

62
Q

What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum

A

Inserts into the extensor hood of each finger

Anatomy Of Upper limbs (6 decks)

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