Forearm Flashcards by Alexis A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Medial epicondyle & olecranon

Insertion: Pisiform, hamate & 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Ulnar nerve (C7, C8)

Action: Flexes & adducts wrist (ulnar deviation)

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Palmaris Longus

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8)

Action: Flexes wrist & tenses palmar aponeurosis

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Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Insertion: Base of metacarpals II & III

Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7)

Action: Flexes and abducts the wrist

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Pronator Teres

Origin: Medial epicondyle & coronoid process

Insertion: Lateral surface mid-shaft of radius

Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7)

Action: Pronation

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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle & margin coronoid process; oblique line of radius

Insertion: 4 tendons – middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

Innervation: Median nerve (C7, T1)

Action: Flexes wrist, flexes middle and proximal phalanges of digits 2-5

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Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin: Anterior & medial surface of ulna & interosseous membrane

Insertion: Four tendons – distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring & little fingers

Innervation: Interosseous branch of the medial and ulnar nerves (C8, T1)

Action: Flexes distal interphalangeal joints

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Flexor Pollicis Longus

Origin: Anterior surface of radius & interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Medial nerve (C7, C8)

Action: Flexes distal phalanx of the thumb

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Pronator Quadratus

Origin: Distal fourth of anterior surface of the ulna

Insertion: Distal fourth of anterior surface of the radius

Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8)

Action: Pronation

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Brachioradialis

Origin: Lateral supraepicondylar ridge

Insertion: lateral side of the base of
the styloid process of the radius

Innervation: Radial nerve (C5, C6)

Action: Flexes the forearm at the elbow

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Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: Lateral supraepicondylar ridge

Insertion: Base of metacarpaI II

Innervation: Radial nerve (C6, C7)

Action: Extends & abducts the wrist

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Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Insertion: Base of metacarpal III

Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve ( C7, C8)

Action: Extends & abducts the wrist

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Extensor digitorum

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Insertion: 4 tendons (extensor hoods) – base of middle & phalanges of index, middle, ring & little fingers

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extends the index, middle, ring & little fingers

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Extensor digiti minimi

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Insertion: Dorsal digital expansion on the 1st phalax of the little finger

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extends the little finger

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Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origin: Lateral epicondyle & posterior border of ulna

Insertion: Tubercle on the base of the medial side of metacarpal V

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extends & adducts the wrist

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Anconeus

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Insertion: Olecranon process & proximal posterior surface of ulna

Innervation: Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Action: Abduction of the ulna in pronation - The anconeus abducts the ulna during pronation to maintain the center of the palm over the same point when the hand is flipped. It is also considered to be an accessory
extensor of the elbow joint

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Supinator

Origin: Superior – Lateral epicondyle; Deep – Superior crest of ulna

Insertion: Lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C6, C7)

Action: Supination

Abductor pollicis longus

Origin: Posterior surface of ulna & radius, and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Lateral side of base of metacarpal I

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Extensor pollicis brevis

Origin: Posterior surface of radius & interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extension of thumb, adduction of the wrist

Extensor pollicis longus

Origin: Posterior surface of ulna & interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal surface of base of the distal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extension of thumb, abduction of wrist

Extensor indicis

Origin: Posterior surface of ulna & interosseous membrane

Insertion: Extensor hood of index finger

Innervation: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

Action: Extension of the wrist and joints of the second digit

Palmaris Brevis

Origin: Flexor reticulum

Insertion: Dermis on the ulnar border

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Wrinkles the skin of the palm

Adductor Pollicis

Origin:
Oblique head: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and capitates
Transverse head: 3rd metacarpal

Insertion: Proximal 1st phalange

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Adduction of the thumb

Lumbricals (4)

Origin:
1st and 2nd: lateral tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
3rd and 4th: medial tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

Insertion: Lateral side of the dorsal expansion of 2-5

Innervation:
Median nerve (1st and 2nd lumbricals)
Ulnar nerve (3rd and 4th lumbricals)

Main action: Flexion of the MCP, extension of DIP and PIP

Dorsal Interossei (4)

Origin: Adjacent side of metacarpals

Insertion: Dorsal expansion and base of 2-4 proximal phalanges

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Abduction of the digits, flexion of MCP and extension of IP joint

Palmar Interossei (3)

Origin: Palmer surface of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpal

Insertion: Doral expansion and base of 2nd, 4th, and 5th proximal phalange

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Adduction of the digit towards the center of the hand, flexion of the MCP and extension of the IP joints

middle finger doesn’t have a palmar interosseous muscle

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Origin:
○ Deep head: Trapezium and flexor retinaculum
○ Superficial head: trapezoid and capitate

Insertion: Proximal phalange of the 1st digit

Innervation: Median nerve

Main action: Flexion of the 1st dig

Opponens Pollicis

Origin: Trapezium and flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Lateral side of 1st metacarpal

Innervation: Median nerve

Main action: Brings 1st digit medial to the center of the palm

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Origin: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, and trapezium

Insertion: Proximal 1st phalange

Innervation: Median nerve

Main action: Abduction of thumb

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Insertion: 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Lateral rotation of the 5th metacarpal towards the center of the palm

Abductor Digit Minimi

Origin: pisiform, tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

Insertion: Proximal 5th phalange

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Abduction of the 5th digit

Flexor Digit Minimi Brevis

Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

Insertion: Proximal 5th phalange

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main action: Flexion of the 5th MCP joint

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Forearm Flashcards

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