Forearm

Question 1

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 1

superficial - anterior

origin:
- medial epicondyle
- olecranon

insertion:
- pisiform
- hamate
- 5th metacarpal

innervation:
- ulnar nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- flexes and adducts wrist (wrist deviation)

Question 2

palmaris longus

Answer 2

superficial - anterior

origin:
- medial epicondyle

insertion:
- palmar aponeurosis
- flexor retinaculum

innervation:
- median nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- flexes wrist
- tenses palmar aponeurosis

Question 3

flexor carpi radialis

Answer 3

superficial - anterior

origin:
- medial epicondyle

insertion:
- base of metacarpals 2 & 3

innervation:
- median nerve (C6, C7)

action:
- flexes and abducts the wrist

Question 4

pronator teres

Answer 4

superficial anterior

origin:
- medial epicondyle
- coronoid process

insertion:
- lateral surface mid-shaft of radius

innervation:
- median nerve (C6, C7)

action:
- pronation

Question 5

flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 5

intermediate - anterior

origin:
- medial epicondyle
- margin coronoid process
- oblique line of radius

insertion:
- 4 tendons:
- middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

innervation:
- medial nerve (C7, T1)

action:
- flexes wrist
- flexes middle and proximal phalanges of digits 2-5

Question 6

flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 6

deep layer - anterior

origin:
- anterior and medial surface of ulna
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- four tendons
- distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

innervation:
- medial nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- flexes distal interphalangeal joints

Question 7

flexor pollicis longus

Answer 7

deep layer - anterior

origin:
-anterior surface of radius
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- base of distal phalanx of thumb

innervation:
- medial nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- flexes distal phalanx of the thumb

Question 8

pronator quadratus

Answer 8

deep layer - anterior

origin:
- distal fourth of anterior surface of the ulna

insertion:
- distal fourth of anterior surface of the radius

innervation:
- median nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- pronation

Question 9

brachioradialis

Answer 9

superficial - posterior

origin:
- lateral supra-epicondylar ridge

insertion:
- lateral side of the base of the styloid process of the radius

innervation:
- radial nerve (C5, C6)

action:
- flexes the forearm at the elbow

Question 10

extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 10

superficial - posterior

origin:
- lateral supra-epicondylar ridge

insertion:
- base of metacarpal II

innervation:
- radial nerve (C6, C7)

actipon:
- extends and abducts the wrist

Question 11

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 11

superior - posterior

origin:
- lateral epicondyle

insertion:
- base of metacarpal III

innervation:
- deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- extends & abducts the wrist

Question 12

extensor digitorum

Answer 12

superior - posterior

origin:
- lateral epicondyle

insertion:
- 4 tendons (extensor hoods)
- bae of middle & phalanges of index, middle, ring and little finger

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extends the index, middle, ring and little fingers

Question 13

extensor digiti minimi

Answer 13

superior - posterior

origin:
- lateral epicondyle

insertion
- dorsal digital expansion on the 1st phalanx of the little finger

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extends the little finger

Question 14

extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 14

superior - posterior

origin:
- lateral epicondyle
- posterior border of ulna

insertion:
- tubercle on the base of the medial side of metacarpal V

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extends and adduct the wrist

Question 15

anconeus

Answer 15

superior - posterior

origin:
- lateral epicondyle

insertion:
- olecranon process
- proximal posterior surface of ulna

innervation:
- radial nerve (C7, C8)

action:
- abduction of the ulna in pronation
- the anconeus abducts the ulna during pronation to maintain the center of of the palm over the same point when the hand is flipped
- also considered to be an accessory extensor of the elbow joint

Question 16

supinator

Answer 16

deep layer - posterior

origin:
- superior: lateral epicondyle
- deep: superior crest of ulna

insertion:
- lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C6, C7)

action:
- supination

Question 17

abductor pollicis longus

Answer 17

deep - posterior

origin:
- posterior surface of ulna & radius
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- lateral side of base of metacarpal I

innervation:
- posterior onterosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 18

extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 18

deep - posterior

origin:
- posterior surface of radius
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extension of thumb
- adduction of the wrist

Question 19

extensor pollicis longus

Answer 19

deep - posterior

origin:
- posterior surface of ulna
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- dorsal surface of base of the distal phalanx of thumb

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extension of thumb
- abduction of wrist

Question 20

extensor indicis

Answer 20

deep - posterior

origin:
- posterior surface of ulna
- interosseous membrane

insertion:
- extensor hood of index finger

innervation:
- posterior interosseous (C7, C8)

action:
- extension of the wrist and joints of the second digit