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Forces, Strengths And Properties of Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of forces that can act on a structure?

A

static forces and dynamic forces

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2
Q

Explain what static forces are?

A

A static force is a force that does not move.

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3
Q

Explain what dynamic forces are.

A

A dynamic force on a structure is caused when something moving strikes the structure.

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4
Q

Give an example of a static and dynamic force.

A

Static force: A hanging light is a static force on the ceiling.

Dynamic force: A person jumping on a trampoline.

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5
Q

What are loads on a structure?

A

The forces acting on some structures are the weights of things such as motor vehicles, water, parts of buildings.

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6
Q

What are the different types of loads ?

A

There are two types of loads, even and uneven loads.

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7
Q

What are the different types of forces?

A
  • Tension (tensile) force
  • Compression (compressive) force
  • Torsion (twisting) force
  • Shear (tearing) force
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8
Q

What effect do the different forces have on structures?

A
  • tension force is a pulling force. It tends to stretch the members of structures it acts on.
  • compression force presses or pushes on structures.
  • torsion force tends to twist members of structures.
  • shear force tends to slide past other objects.
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9
Q

What is internal cross-bracing?

A

Members. That are added inside the frames of towers and other structures to brace them.

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10
Q

What are the four cross sectional shapes that beams are made of?

A
  • I beam section
  • channel section
  • square-tube section
  • T-bar section
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11
Q

What is the formula used to work out density?

A

Density= Mass (divide) volume

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12
Q

What is density?

A

The density of a material is the mass of a cubic meter of that material.

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13
Q

Name one example of a structure that is made of a low-density material.

A

The wheels of high performance cars.

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14
Q

What is hardness?

A

Hardness s a measure of how a material resists other materials making holes into its surface.

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15
Q

In industry, how is the hardness of a material tested.

A

With a Brinell hardness tester.

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16
Q

What is a flexible material?

A

A flexible material is one that can bend easily without breaking.

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17
Q

What is a brittle material?

A

A brittle material is a very stiff material that will break without first bending.

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18
Q

What are factors that affect corrosion of iron?

A
  • water accelerates corrosion.
  • moisture is necessary for corrosion of iron.
  • acid greatly accelerates corrosion
  • salt greatly accelerates corrosion
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19
Q

What can you do to prevent corrosion?

A
  • use special paint that prevents corrosion.
  • corrosion can be prevented for a while by galvanizing the iron
  • corrosion can be prevent by using metals that do not corrode in the place of iron.
  • hot-dip galvanizing
  • non-corroding non-metals such as plastics and wood can be used in the place of iron or steel.
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20
Q

What are the four cross sectional shapes that beams are made of?

A
  • I beam section
  • channel section
  • square-tube section
  • T-bar section
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21
Q

What is the formula used to work out density?

A

Density= Mass (divide) volume

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22
Q

What is density?

A

The density of a material is the mass of a cubic meter of that material.

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23
Q

Name one example of a structure that is made of a low-density material.

A

The wheels of high performance cars.

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24
Q

What is hardness?

A

Hardness s a measure of how a material resists other materials making holes into its surface.

25
In industry, how is the hardness of a material tested.
With a Brinell hardness tester.
26
What is a flexible material?
A flexible material is one that can bend easily without breaking.
27
What is a brittle material?
A brittle material is a very stiff material that will break without first bending.
28
What are factors that affect corrosion of iron?
- water accelerates corrosion. - moisture is necessary for corrosion of iron. - acid greatly accelerates corrosion - salt greatly accelerates corrosion
29
What can you do to prevent corrosion?
- use special paint that prevents corrosion. - corrosion can be prevented for a while by galvanizing the iron - corrosion can be prevent by using metals that do not corrode in the place of iron. - hot-dip galvanizing - non-corroding non-metals such as plastics and wood can be used in the place of iron or steel.
30
What are the four cross sectional shapes that beams are made of?
- I beam section - channel section - square-tube section - T-bar section
31
What is the formula used to work out density?
Density= Mass (divide) volume
32
What is density?
The density of a material is the mass of a cubic meter of that material.
33
Name one example of a structure that is made of a low-density material.
The wheels of high performance cars.
34
What is hardness?
Hardness s a measure of how a material resists other materials making holes into its surface.
35
In industry, how is the hardness of a material tested.
With a Brinell hardness tester.
36
What is a flexible material?
A flexible material is one that can bend easily without breaking.
37
What is a brittle material?
A brittle material is a very stiff material that will break without first bending.
38
What are factors that affect corrosion of iron?
- water accelerates corrosion. - moisture is necessary for corrosion of iron. - acid greatly accelerates corrosion - salt greatly accelerates corrosion
39
What can you do to prevent corrosion?
- use special paint that prevents corrosion. - corrosion can be prevented for a while by galvanizing the iron - corrosion can be prevent by using metals that do not corrode in the place of iron. - hot-dip galvanizing - non-corroding non-metals such as plastics and wood can be used in the place of iron or steel.
40
What are the four cross sectional shapes that beams are made of?
- I beam section - channel section - square-tube section - T-bar section
41
What is the formula used to work out density?
Density= Mass (divide) volume
42
What is density?
The density of a material is the mass of a cubic meter of that material.
43
Name one example of a structure that is made of a low-density material.
The wheels of high performance cars.
44
What is hardness?
Hardness s a measure of how a material resists other materials making holes into its surface.
45
In industry, how is the hardness of a material tested.
With a Brinell hardness tester.
46
What is a flexible material?
A flexible material is one that can bend easily without breaking.
47
What is a brittle material?
A brittle material is a very stiff material that will break without first bending.
48
What are factors that affect corrosion of iron?
- water accelerates corrosion. - moisture is necessary for corrosion of iron. - acid greatly accelerates corrosion - salt greatly accelerates corrosion
49
What can you do to prevent corrosion?
- use special paint that prevents corrosion. - corrosion can be prevented for a while by galvanizing the iron - corrosion can be prevent by using metals that do not corrode in the place of iron. - hot-dip galvanizing - non-corroding non-metals such as plastics and wood can be used in the place of iron or steel.
50
What are the four cross sectional shapes that beams are made of?
- I beam section - channel section - square-tube section - T-bar section
51
What is the formula used to work out density?
Density= Mass (divide) volume
52
What is density?
The density of a material is the mass of a cubic meter of that material.
53
Name one example of a structure that is made of a low-density material.
The wheels of high performance cars.
54
What is hardness?
Hardness s a measure of how a material resists other materials making holes into its surface.
55
In industry, how is the hardness of a material tested.
With a Brinell hardness tester.
56
What is a flexible material?
A flexible material is one that can bend easily without breaking.
57
What is a brittle material?
A brittle material is a very stiff material that will break without first bending.
58
What are factors that affect corrosion of iron?
- water accelerates corrosion. - moisture is necessary for corrosion of iron. - acid greatly accelerates corrosion - salt greatly accelerates corrosion
59
What can you do to prevent corrosion?
- use special paint that prevents corrosion. - corrosion can be prevented for a while by galvanizing the iron - corrosion can be prevent by using metals that do not corrode in the place of iron. - hot-dip galvanizing - non-corroding non-metals such as plastics and wood can be used in the place of iron or steel.

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