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BMAT val > Forces pt1 (Scalar, contact, Gravity, Work done, Elasticity, moment) > Flashcards

Forces pt1 (Scalar, contact, Gravity, Work done, Elasticity, moment) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a force?

A

A force is a push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object.

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2
Q

what is a scalar quantity?

A

magnitude only

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3
Q

what is a vector quantity?

A

magnitude and direction

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4
Q

What is are contact forces?

A

when the objects are physically touching

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5
Q

What is a non-contact forces?

A

when the objects are physically separated.

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6
Q

examples of non-contact forces (3)

A

gravitational force electrostatic force magnetic force

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7
Q

What type of quantity is force?

A

vector

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8
Q

Examples of contact forces?

A

friction, air resistance, tension and normal contact force.

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9
Q

what is gravity?

A

a force of attraction between all masses

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10
Q

What is the gravitational force close to Earth caused by?

A

the gravitational field around theEarth.

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11
Q

what is mass?

A

the amount of matter an object contains - this is constant

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12
Q

what is the weight?

A

the force acting on an object due to gravity

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13
Q

what is the equation for gravitational field strength, mass and weight?

A

weight = mass x gravitational field strength

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14
Q

What is the connection between weight and mass

(proportion)

A

they are directly proportional

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15
Q

what is work done?

A

when a force causes an object to move

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16
Q

what are the two units for work done

A

joule and newton metres

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17
Q

what is the equation for force, work done and distance?

A

work done = force x distance

18
Q

what happens when work is done?

A

energy transfers take place within the system

19
Q

the extension of an elastic object is ___________ to the force applied , provided that the ___________ is not exceeded

A

directly proportional

limit of proportionality

20
Q

what must happen to change the shape of an object?

A

more than one force must be applied

21
Q

what does elastically deformed mean?

A

when an object returns to its original shape after the forces are removed

22
Q

what does inelastically deformed mean?

A

when an object does not return to its original shape

23
Q

what happens when the limit of proportionality for the extension of an elastic object and applied force has been exceeded? (3)

A
  • doubling the force will no longer exactly double the extension - the relationship becomes non-linear - a force-extension graph will stop being a straight line
24
Q

what is the equation for , extension , force, and spring constant

A

force= spring constant x extension

25
Q

what is spring constant?

A

it indicates how easy it is to stretch or compress a spring- the higher the spring constant, the stiffer the spring.

26
Q

when is the work done on the spring and the elastic potential energy stored not equal

A

when the spring is inelastically deformed

27
Q

what is the moment of a force?

A

the turning effect of a force

28
Q

what is the equation for distance, moment and force?

A

moment = force x distance

29
Q

What is the distance in terms of the moment?

A

the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force, in metres, m.

30
Q

If an object is balance…..

(moments and pivots)

A

the total clockwise moment about the pivot = the total anticlockwise moment about that pivot

31
Q

leavers and gears can be used to…

A
  • transmit the rotational effects of forces - magnify either the size of the applied force or the distance the force moves over
32
Q

what do levers do?

A
  • increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied
  • less force is needed to get the same moment so its easier to do work
33
Q

what do gears do and how do they work?

A

they are used to transmit the rotational effect of a force from one place to another

  • their teeth interlock so the one turning causes another to turn in the opposite direction
34
Q

larger gears …

A

-cause bigger moments - turn slower

35
Q

equation for distance, speed and time

A

distance = speed x time

36
Q

What’s the difference between displacement and distnace?

A

Distance is a scalar quantity and displacement is a vector quantity.
Distance is therefore the magnitude of displacement. Displacement is distance in a particular direction.

37
Q

What’s the difference between speed and velocity?

A

Speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity. Speed is therefore the magnitude of velocity. Velocity is speed in a particular direction.

38
Q

What is the formula for acceleration?

A

change in velocity/time

39
Q

What is the equation for velocity?

A

change in displacement/time

40
Q

What is Lift force?

A

cause: aerofoil (wing) moving through fluid
magnitude depends on: speed, density of fluid, wing shape
direction: normal to wing

BMAT val (31 decks)

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