Forces, Dynamics, Energies and Rates

Question 1

Arrhenius relationship
(catalytic rate of enzymes)

Answer 1

2 fold per temperature change of 10K

Question 2

Typical transport rates of H-driven transporters

Answer 2

100 per second per transporter

Question 3

Diffusion constant (D) of protein in cytosol

Answer 3

10 um^2/s

Question 4

Diffusion constant (D) of small metabolites in water

Answer 4

1000 um^2/s

Question 5

Mutations per bp per replication (in human)

Answer 5

10^-10

Question 6

Errors per base in transcription (E.coli)

Answer 6

10^-4

Question 7

Errors per codon in translation (E.coli)

Answer 7

10^-3

Question 8

Kd: enzyme-ATP
(kd= dissociation constant)
what id dG_bind?

Answer 8

-17 to -35 kJ/mol
(moderate)

Question 9

Kd: sequence-specific recognition of DNA by a transcription factor
dG_bind =?

Answer 9

-52 kJ/mol
(high)

Question 10

Kd: biotin binding to avidin
dG_ bind =?

Answer 10

-86 kJ/ mol
(extremely high)

Question 11

Binding energy in H20: covalent

Answer 11

400 kJ/mol

Question 12

Binding energy in H20: ionic

Answer 12

12 kJ/mol

Question 13

Binding energy in H20: hydrogen

Answer 13

10 kJ/mol

Question 14

Binding energy in H20: Van der Waals

Answer 14

0.4 kJ/mol

Question 15

Combustion of glucose (^G)

Answer 15

-2870 kJ/mol

Question 16

Force required to unzip DNA

Answer 16

10 pN

Question 17

Force supported by tubulin and actin

Answer 17

1 pN