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science yr8 > forces core questions > Flashcards

forces core questions Flashcards

1
Q

define speed

A

how much distance is covered in a given time

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2
Q

define acceleration

A

how much speed increases or decreases in a given time

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3
Q

state the equation for calculating speed

A

speed = distance/time

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4
Q

state the units for speed

A

m/s

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5
Q

what does a straight line on a distance-time graph show

A

object travelling at a steady speed

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6
Q

what does a curved line on a distance-time graph show

A

object speeding up or slowing down

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7
Q

what does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph show

A

object at rest not (not moving)

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8
Q

what is the unit for force

A

newton (n)

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9
Q

name the apparatus used to measure forces

A

newton meter

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10
Q

define force

A

a push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object

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11
Q

define contact force

A

a force that acts when objects are physically touching

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12
Q

define non-contact force

A

a force that acts when objects are physically separated

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13
Q

name five examples of contact forces

A

friction
air resistance
tension
compression
normal contact force

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14
Q

name three examples of non-contact force

A

gravitational force
electrostatic force
magnetic force

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15
Q

define resultant force

A

single force that can replace all the forces acting on an object and have the same effect

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16
Q

name two things that can happen when the forces on an object are balanced

A

object remains at rest
object remains at constant speed and direction

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17
Q

name four things that could happen when the forces on an object are unbalanced

A

object speeds up
object slows down
object changes shape
object changes direction

18
Q

what would the resultant force on an object be if the forces are balanced

A

zero

19
Q

what is the name of the diagram used to represent the forces acting on an object

A

free-body diagram

20
Q

define friction

A

force opposing motion which is caused by the interaction of surfaces moving over each other

21
Q

define drag

A

friction force when one object is a liquid or gas

22
Q

define tension

A

force extending or pulling apart

23
Q

define compression

A

force squashing or pushing together

24
Q

define normal contact force

A

push force acting between two solid objects

25
Q

define air resistance

A

friction force acting between an object and air particles

26
Q

state two examples of situations where it is useful to reduce friction

A

sports
vehicles

27
Q

state two ways of reducing friction or drag

A

make objects streamlined
use lubricants

28
Q

state newtons third law

A

when objects interact the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

29
Q

state the equation for hookes law

A

force = spring constant x extension

30
Q

define moment of a force

A

the turning effect of a force

31
Q

state the equation for moment of a force

A

moment of a force = force x distance to the pivot

32
Q

state the unit for moment of a force

A

Nm (newton metre)

33
Q

state what happens when the clockwise and the anticlockwise moments are equal acting on an object

A

the object balances

34
Q

state the units of spring constant

A

newton per metre (N/m)

35
Q

what happens when the clockwise and anticlockwise moments acting on an object are unequal

A

the object rotates

36
Q

what is meant by the mass of an object

A

mass is a measure of how much matter there is in an object

37
Q

what is the unit for mass

A

kg

38
Q

what is meant by the weight of an object

A

weight is a measure of the size of the pull of gravity on the object

39
Q

what is the unit for weight

A

newton (N)

40
Q

what are the two factors that affect the pressure an object exerts

A

the force and the area over which the force is exerted

41
Q

what is the equation for calculating pressure

A

pressure = force/area

science yr8 (6 decks)

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