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science yr8 > cellular processes core questions > Flashcards

cellular processes core questions Flashcards

1
Q

name the 7 life processes (MRS GREN)

A

Movement
respiration
sensitivity
growth
reproduction
excretion
nutrition

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2
Q

what does the M mean in MRS GREN

A

organisms ability to move

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3
Q

What does the first R mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to respire to make energy

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4
Q

what does the S mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to feel

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5
Q

what does the G mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to grow in mass and height

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6
Q

what does the second R mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to reproduce

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7
Q

what does the E mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to get rid of waste

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8
Q

what does the N mean in MRS GREN

A

an organisms ability to get nutrients from food

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9
Q

define organ

A

a group of tissues working together for specific functions

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10
Q

define tissue

A

a group of cells working together for specific functions

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11
Q

what is a cell

A

the simplest unit of living things

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12
Q

state the 5 sub-cellular organelles in an animal cell

A

cell membrane
mitochondria
nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosomes

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13
Q

state the 8 sub-cellular organelles in a plant cell

A

nucleus
cell wall
cell membrane
cytoplasm
mitochondria
ribosomes
chloroplasts
vacuole

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14
Q

state the function of the nucleus

A

stores DNA and controls the functions of the cell

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15
Q

state the function of the cell membrane

A

controls what enter and leaves the cell

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16
Q

state the function of the cytoplasm

A

where chemical reactions take place

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17
Q

state the function of the mitochondria

A

power house of the cellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
where aerobic respiration takes place

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18
Q

state the function of the chloroplast

A

absorbs light for photosynthesis

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19
Q

state the function of red blood cells

A

to carry oxygen around the body

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20
Q

state 3 adaptations of the root hair cell

A

large surface area
lots of mitochondria
large vacuole

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21
Q

state the function of palisade celllllls

A

lots of chloroplasts for photosynthesis

22
Q

state the function of root hair cells

A

absorbs water and minerals from the soil

23
Q

reorder the following in size order:
organ cell tissues organelles organ system organisms

A

organelles
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organisms

24
Q

name 6 organ systems in the body

A

skeletal system
circulatory
nervous
muscular
respiratory
digestive

25
Q

what is respiration

A

a chemical reaction which uses glucose and oxygen to release energy

26
Q

give the unit for energy

A

joule (J)

27
Q

why are kilojoules used on food labels

A

a lot of energy is available from most foods

28
Q

what two structures change the pressure inside the chest cavity to ventilate lungs?

A

intercostal muscles and diaphragm

29
Q

what is the word equation for photosynthesis

A

water + carbon dioxide -> glucose + oxygen

30
Q

where does photosynthesis occur in the call

A

chloroplast

31
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

building glucose from carbon dioxide and water using light (used as food for the plant)

32
Q

name 3 things that can affect the rate of photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide concentration
temperature
light density

33
Q

name 3 organs in plants

A

stem
leaves
roots

34
Q

what is respiration

A

a chemical reaction which uses glucose and oxygen to release energy

35
Q

give the equation for aerobic respiration

A

glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide + ENERGY

36
Q

why is it important for the lungs to have a rich blood supply

A

maintain a steep concentration gradient for efficient diffusion

37
Q

what is the name for respiration with oxygen

A

aerobic

38
Q

what is ventilation

A

breathing

39
Q

what are the tiny air sacks in the lungs called

A

alveoli

40
Q

where does respiration happen

A

mitochondria

41
Q

what is anaerobic respiration

A

respiration without oxygen

42
Q

what substance is produced in our muscles when we respire anaerobically

A

lactic acid

42
Q

which substances are produced when yeast respires anaerobically

A

ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide

43
Q

name 6 main structures of the respiratory system

A

mouth
nose
trachea
bronchioles
bronchus
alveoli

44
Q

state 3 ways lungs are adapted for gas exchange

A

thin walls
good blood supply
moist walls

45
Q

define diffusion

A

when particles move from a high concentration to a low concentration

46
Q

which gas diffuses from the alveoli (lungs) into the blood

A

oxygen

47
Q

which gas diffuses from the blood in to the alveoli (lungs)

A

carbon dioxide

48
Q

which chemical enables red blood cells to carry around oxygen in the body

A

haemoglobin

49
Q

what does exercise cause to increase

A

heart rate
breathing rate
tidal volume

science yr8 (6 decks)

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