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Physics > Forces and their interactions > Flashcards

Forces and their interactions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the types of quantities?

A

Scalar quantity

Vector quantity

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2
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

Physical quantities that have size (magnitude), but no specific direction

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3
Q

What are some examples of scalar quantities?

A 
Speed
Distance
Time
Mass
Energy
Power
Density
Temperature
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4
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

Physical quantities that have direction; they have both magnitude and direction

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5
Q

What are some examples of vector quantities?

A 
Acceleration 
Force
Velocity
Momentum
Weight
Gravitational field strength
Displacement
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6
Q

How are vectors represented?

A

Using an arrow
The length of the arrow = the magnitude of the vector
The direction of the arrow = the direction of the vector

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7
Q

What is displacement?

A

Distance in a given direction

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8
Q

What is velocity?

A

Speed in a given direction

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9
Q

What is the difference between acceleration and velocity?

A

Velocity is the rate of change of displacement. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.

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10
Q

Why is acceleration and velocity a vector quantity?

A

Velocity is a vector quantity because it consists of both magnitude and direction. Acceleration is also a vector quantity as it is just the rate of change of velocity.

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11
Q

What is a force?

A

A push or a pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object

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12
Q

What are the types of forces?

A

Contact force

Non-contact force

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13
Q

What is a contact force?

A

A force which acts between objects that are physically touching

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14
Q

What are some examples of contact forces?

A

Friction
Air resistance
Tension
Reaction force

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15
Q

What is a non-contact force?

A

A force which acts at a distance, without any contact between bodies, due to the action of a field

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16
Q

What are some examples of a non-contact force?

A

Gravitational force
Electrostatic force
Magnetic force

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17
Q

What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?

A

When two objects interact with each other, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other

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18
Q

What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?

A

If no resultant force acts, an object will remain stationary or move at a constant speed in the same direction

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19
Q

What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?

A

When a resultant force acts on an object, it produces an acceleration (or deceleration)

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20
Q

What is magnitude?

A

Is the size or extent of something

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21
Q

What is the resultant force if two unequal forces in opposite directions act on an object?

A

Equal to the difference between the two forces

In the direction of the larger force

22
Q

What are force pairs?

A

When a force is exerted on each object due to an interaction between two objects

23
Q

What is an example of a force pair?

A

The tension force exerted along a cable to a suspended object is opposed by the force of the weight of the object

24
Q

What is the centre of mass of an object?

A

The point through which the weight of an object acts

25
Q

How is the centre of mass of an irregular object found?

A

by locating its balance point

26
Q

What is the equation for weight?

A

w = mg

27
Q

What will happen in absence of air resistance?

A

all bodies near the Earth will fall with the same acceleration regardless of their mass

28
Q

What is resultant force?

A

Resultant force is a single force that describes all of the forces operating on a body

29
Q

What does the resultant force determine?

A

The direction in which the object will move as a result of all of the forces
The magnitude of the final force experienced by the object

30
Q

What can forces combine to produce?

A

Balanced forces

Unbalanced forces

31
Q

What is a balanced force?

A

Balanced forces mean that the forces cancel each other out and no resultant force acts on the body

32
Q

What is an unbalanced force?

A

Unbalanced forces mean that the forces do not cancel out completely and there is a resultant force on the object

33
Q

What is the equation for resultant force?

A

f = ma

34
Q

What is tension?

A

The force experienced by a cable, rope, or string when pulled, hung, rotated or supported

35
Q

What is a normal contact force (reaction force)?

A

The force arising when an object rests against another object - that is acting at a 90° angle to the plane of contact

35
Q

What is upthrust?

A

The upward buoyancy force acting on an object when it is in a fluid

36
Q

What is friction?

A

The force that arises when two surfaces are in contact with each other

37
Q

What are free body diagrams used for?

A

to show the various forces acting on objects

38
Q

How do you find the energy stored for an elastic band on a graph?

A

calculate the area under the graph

39
Q

What is the parallelogram of forces used to find?

A

the resultant force of two forces that do not act along the same line

40
Q

How do you find the scale when finding the resolution of forces?

A

vector value / vector length (cm)

41
Q

How can an object be at equilibrium?

A

The resultant force on the object is zero

The forces acting on the object have no overall turning effect

42
Q

How can you determine if an object is at equilibrium?

A

if forces are parallel - the sum of force in one direction must be equal to the sum of force in another direction (resultant force is 0)
if forces are perpendicular - the component on each line must balance out if the resultant force is 0

43
Q

equation linking force, spring constant and extension?

A

force (f) = spring constant (k) x extension (e)

44
Q

What makes an object elastic?

A

if it returns to its original shape when the forces deforming it have been removed

45
Q

When is the relationship linear between the extension of a spring and the force applied?

A

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it, as long as the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

46
Q

When is the relationship non-linear between the extension of a spring and the force applied?

A

Beyond the limit of proportionality, the extension of a spring is no longer proportional to the force applied to it.

47
Q

What is Hooke’s law?

A

fst

48
Q

equation for acceleration?

A

acceleration = change in velocity / change in time

49
Q

What are the factors affecting the centripetal force?

A

mass of the object
its speed
the radius of the circle

Physics (9 decks)

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