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Physics > Forces and motion > Flashcards

Forces and motion Flashcards

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1
Q

MUTANT FLEWW

A

Magnetic, up thrust, thrust, air resistance, normal contact, tension, friction, lift, electrostatic, weight, water resistance

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2
Q

Balanced forces

A

If forces on an object are balanced its motion will not change so it will either be at a constant speed or stationary

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3
Q

DACS

A

Decelerating, accelerating, constant speed, stationary

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4
Q

Resultant force

A

A single force that has the same effect as all the original forces

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5
Q

Free body diagram

A

The object is drawn as a dot with forces drawn as arrows whose length is proportional to the size and direction of the force

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6
Q

Newton’s first law of motion

A

If the resultant force on an object is zero it remains stationary or at a constant speed

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7
Q

Newton’s second law of motion

A

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional to the mass

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8
Q

Force equation

A

F (force in newtons)= M (mass in kg) x a (acceleration in m/s squared)

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9
Q

Newton’s third law of motion

A

Whenever two objects interact the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

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10
Q

Inertia

A

The tendency of objects to continue in their state of rest/ uniform motion

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11
Q

Drag force

A

Drag forces increase as the speed of an object increases because it is colliding with more particles each second

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12
Q

Terminal velocity

A

The speed of an object when the drag force has become balances with the force making it accelerate, it is the objects top speed

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13
Q

Streamlining

A

If an object is made more streamlined then the drag force will lower at any given speed and it will have a higher top speed

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14
Q

Driving force

A

Driving force increases with mass.

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15
Q

Work done

A

When a force causes an object to move through a distance work is done on the object and energy is transferred

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16
Q

Reducing friction

A

Work done against friction can be reduced by lubrication

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17
Q

1 Joule

A

One Joule of work is done when a force of one newton moved an object one metre

18
Q

Energy equation

A

W (energy in joules) = F (force in N) x S (distance in m)

19
Q

Hooke’s law

A

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded

20
Q

Hooke’s law equation

A

F (force in N)= k (spring constant in N/m or cm) x e (extension in m or cm)

21
Q

Extension

A

Displacement from equilibrium

22
Q

Equilibrium

A

Balance between opposing forces

23
Q

Typical speeds

A

Walking= 1.5 m/s Running= 3m/s Cycling= 6m/s Car= 30m/s

24
Q

What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent

A

Speed

25
Q

If the gradient is what the speed is what

A

Constant

26
Q

If the gradient is increasing the object is what

A

Acccelerating

27
Q

Velocity as a vector

A

Velocity is a vector quantity meaning is has magnitude AND DIRECTION

28
Q

Positive to negative gradient

A

Means there has been a direction change

29
Q

Displacement

A

Distance and direction from a specific point, it is a vector quantity

30
Q

Instantaneous speed

A

Determined by drawing a tangent at a particular point and calculating the gradient

31
Q

Acceleration

A

The rate of change of velocity

32
Q

Distance in a velocity-time graph

A

The area underneath the graph is equal to the distance

33
Q

Gradient in a velocity-time graph

A

Represents acceleration

34
Q

Acceleration equation when speed is given

A

a (m/s squared)= ΔV (final-initial velocity) /t (time)

35
Q

Acceleration equation when distance is given

A

v^2 (final velocity)- u^2 (initial v)= 2 x a (acceleration) x s (spatium)

36
Q

Moments

A

A moment is the turning affect of a force about a pivot

37
Q

Moment equation

A

F (force, N) x d (distance, m)= M (moment, N.m)

38
Q

The further away from the pivot the what

A

The bigger the moment

39
Q

Gears

A

Gears allow motion created by moments to be transferred directionally and at different speeds by altering gear sizes- they can also increase the rotating effect

40
Q

How is the moments equation used with gears

A

Distance is the radius of the gear, force or moment will be given- remember to convert to metres

41
Q

Indirect proportion in gears

A

Speed of rotation is indirectly proportionate to the size of the gear

42
Q

Resultant force in multiple directions

A

Calculate the hypotenuse (resultant force line) using Pythagoras or trigonometry if the angle is asked for

Physics (9 decks)

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