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PHYSICS OCR A LEVEL > FORCES AND MOTION > Flashcards

FORCES AND MOTION Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of Displacement

A

The distance of an object from a fixed point in a specified direction.

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2
Q

Definition of Velocity

A

The rate of change of displacement.

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3
Q

Definition of Acceleration

A

The rate of change of velocity.

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4
Q

Equation linking speed, distance and time

A

Speed = Distance/Time

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5
Q

Gradient of distance time graph and curved lines

A

Gradient = Velocity
Curved lines = Acceleration

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6
Q

Definition of braking distance

A

The distance travelled between the brakes being applied and the vehicle coming to stop.
- Affected by road conditions and vehicle

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7
Q

Definition of free fall

A

An object is Said to be in free Fall when the only force acting on it is the force of gravity

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8
Q

Definition of Instantaneous speed

A

The exact speed of an object at a specific given point

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9
Q

Definition of thinking distance

A

Distance travelled in the time it takes for the driver to react.
- Thinking distance = initial speed x reaction time

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10
Q

Definition of stopping distance

A

The sun of thinking distance and braking distance for a driven vehicle

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11
Q

How is speed related to thinking distance?

A

Speed is directly proportional to thinking distance
v~x

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12
Q

How are braking distance and the initial speed of the car related?

A

-Braking distance is proportional to initial speed of the car squared
x~u^2

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13
Q

Definition of Archimedes’ Principle

A

The upthrust acting on an object (fully or partially) submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid it displaces

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14
Q

Definition of Centre of Gravity

A

The single point through which the object’s weight can be said to act

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15
Q

Definition of centre of mass

A

The single point through which all the mass of an object can be said to act

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16
Q

Definition of a couple

A

Two equal and opposite parallel forces that act on an object through different lines of action

17
Q

Definition of density

A

The mass per unit volume of a material. Density = mass/volume

18
Q

Definition of Drag

A

Drag is the frictional force that an object experiences when moving through a fluid

19
Q

Definition of equilibrium

A

For an object to be in equilibrium, both the resultant force and resultant moment acting on the object must be equal to zero

20
Q

Newton’s First Law

A

An object will remain at rest or constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force

21
Q

Definition of work done

A

Force multiplied by distance moved in the direction of the force
W=Fx

22
Q

Definition of Power

A

The rate at which work is done

23
Q

Definition of a watt

A

1 watt is 1 joule per second

24
Q

Efficiency equations (write both)

A

Efficiency=(Useful energy output/total energy input )x100
Efficiency=(Useful power output/total power input)x100

25
Q

Definition of average speed

A

Average speed = total distance travelled/ time

26
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

Resultant force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum

27
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

When one body exerts a force on another, the other body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first body

28
Q

The principle conservation of momentum

A

For a closed system, the total momentum is constant (total momentum before = total momentum after)

29
Q

Definition of linear momentum

A

Linear momentum= mass x velocity (p=mv)

30
Q

Definition of a Newton

A

1 Newton is the force required to cause a mass of 1kg to have an acceleration of 1ms^-2 in the direction of the force

31
Q

Definition of Impulse

A

Impulse = Force x time for which the force acts

32
Q

Area under a force -time graph

A

=Impulse =Change in Momentum

33
Q

Definition of Impulse

A

Change in momentum
m(v-u)

34
Q

Definition of terminal velocity

A

The maximum velocity of an object that occurs when the resistive and driving forces acting as on the object are equal to each other

35
Q

Definition of a moment

A

Moment of a force = force x perpendicular distance from pivot

36
Q

Definition of torque

A

Torque of a couple = one of the forces x perpendicular distance between the forces

PHYSICS OCR A LEVEL (5 decks)

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