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Form 1 Science End of Year Test - Revise all Flashcards > Forces and Motion > Flashcards

Forces and Motion Flashcards

1
Q

Can forces be seen?

A

No, but the effect of forces can be seen.

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2
Q

How many objects are required for a force to be applied?

A

Two

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3
Q

What are 3 effects can a force have on an object?

A

It can change the shape of an object or it can change the object’s motion (speed and/or direction).

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4
Q

What does the word ‘Motion’ refer to in physics?

A

The speed and/or direction of an object.

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5
Q

In what 3 ways can a force deform (change the shape) of an object?

A

Compress (squash)

Extend (stretch)

Bend / twist

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6
Q

In what 4 ways can a force change the motion of an object?

A

Increase speed (accelerate)

Decrease speed (decelerate)

Maintain constant speed

Change direction

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7
Q

All forces come in pairs. What can be said about the two forces in a force pair?

A

They are the same type of force.

They are the same size.

They act in opposite directions.

They act on different objects

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8
Q

Complete the following statement about two forces in a force pair:
A pencil pushes down on a piece of paper, the paper pushes…

A

A pencil pushes down on a piece of paper.
The paper pushes up on the pencil.

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9
Q

Complete the following statement about two forces in a force pair:
A jet pushes exhaust gases backwards…

A

A jet pushes exhaust gases backwards.
The exhaust gases push the jet forwards.

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10
Q

Complete the following statement about two forces in a force pair:
The Earth pulls down on the Moon due to gravity…

A

The Earth pulls down on the Moon due to gravity.
The Moon pulls up on Earth due to gravity.

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11
Q

What do we call forces that can be applied at a distance, even when objects are not touching?

A

Non-contact forces

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12
Q

What do we call forces that require objects to be touching to be applied?

A

Contact force

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13
Q

Name the three non-contact forces.

A

Magnetic

Electrostatic

Gravitational (Weight)

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14
Q

Describe: Applied force

A

A person pushing or pulling an object.

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15
Q

Describe: Tension

A

A force in a rope or cable being pulled.

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16
Q

Describe: Reaction force

A

Force from a surface that opposes an action upon it.

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17
Q

Describe: Friction

A

A force between two surfaces that opposes motion.

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18
Q

Describe: Drag

A

A force that opposes motion in fluids (liquids and gases).

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19
Q

Describe: Air resistance

A

A force that opposes motion in air.

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20
Q

Describe: Water resistance

A

A force that opposes motion in water.

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21
Q

Describe: Weight

A

Downwards force due to gravity

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22
Q

Describe: Upthrust

A

The upwards force of water on a (floating) object.

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23
Q

Describe: Lift

A

The upwards force that stops aeroplanes falling to Earth.

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24
Q

Describe: Normal contact force

A

The name of the force that stops objects falling through solid objects.

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25
Describe: Spring force
Force a deformed object exerts against the object that changes its shape.
26
Is air resistance a contact or non-contact force?
Contact force - air particles must touch an object to exert the force.
27
What units are forces measured in?
Newtons (N)
28
What do we draw to show the forces acting on an object?
A force diagram
29
On a force diagram, what shape is used to represent a force.
An arrow.
30
What does the length of an arrow on a force diagram represent?
The size of the force.
31
What does the direction of an arrow on a force diagram represent?
The direction of the force.
32
What do we call it when two forces are acting on one object and are equal in size but act in opposite directions?
Balanced forces
33
What do we call it when two forces are acting on one object and are not equal in size but act in opposite directions?
Unbalanced forces
34
What one word could be used to describe the two forces acting on the rope here?
Balanced
35
What one word could be used to describe the two forces acting on the rope here?
Unbalanced
36
What happens to an object when the forces acting on it are balanced?
There is no change in the object's motion (speed or direction)
37
What is the name for the overall force when you add (or subtract) all the forces acting on an object?
The resultant force
38
What is the resultant force when forces on an object are balanced?
Zero
39
What three things can happen when the resultant force on an object is not zero?
It speeds up (accelerates) It slows down (decelerates) It changes direction
40
Name the piece of equipment used to measure forces in the classroom.
Newtonmeter
41
What unit do we use to measure distance?
Metres (m)
42
What unit do we use to measure time?
Seconds (s)
43
What unit do we use to measure speed?
Metres per second (m/s)
44
What does 1m/s mean?
One metre is travelled every second.
45
In words, what equation links speed, distance and time?
speed = distance ÷ time
46
In symbols, what equation links speed, distance and time?
s = d ÷ t
47
What is a distance-time graph?
A graph showing how an object's speed changes over time.
48
What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph mean?
The speed is zero (the object is stationary)
49
What does a slope on a distance-time graph mean?
The object is moving
50
What does a straight line mean on a distance-time graph?
Speed is constant.
51
Sketch a distance-time graph of an object that moves away from its starting point at constant speed
52
Sketch a distance-time graph of an object that moves away from its starting point at a high constant speed, stops for a period, then returns to the starting point at low constant speed.
53
How can speed be calculated from a distance-time graph?
The gradient
54
What does relative motion mean?
The speed of a moving object from the viewpoint of another moving object
55
If two objects move in the same direction, how can you calculate their relative speed?
Subtract their individual speeds from one another.
56
If two objects move in opposite directions, how can you calculate their relative speeds?
Add their individual speeds to one another.
57
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is a measure of how much matter is in an object in kg. Weight is a measure of the downwards force on a mass due to gravity in N.
58
If an object moves from one planet to another, does its mass change?
No
59
If an object moves from one planet to another, does its weight change?
Yes
60
In words, what equation links weight, mass and gravitational field strength?
Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
61
In symbols, what equation links weight, mass and gravitational field strength?
W = m x g
62
What unit do we use to measure mass?
Kilogram (kg)
63
What unit do we use to measure weight?
Newtons (N)
64
What unit do we use to measure gravitational field strength?
Newtons per kilogram (N/kg)
65
What is gravitational field strength on Earth (approximately)?
10 N/kg
66
How can we squash an object?
Push on opposite sides of the object
67
How can we stretch an object?
Pull on opposite sides of the object
68
What do we call the change in size when an object is squashed?
Compression
69
What do we call the change in size when an object is stretched?
Extension
70
How can we calculate extension?
Extension = stretched length - original length
71
What units do we use to measure extension?
Metres (m)
72
What do we call a material that returns to its original size after the forces changing its shape are removed?
Elastic material
73
What is the relationship between force and extension for an elastic material?
As force doubles, extension doubles (Directly proportional)
74
What do we call the point after which a material will not return to its original shape (permanently deformed)?
Elastic limit

Form 1 Science End of Year Test - Revise all Flashcards (3 decks)

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