Forces and Interaction Flashcards
What is weight?
Force of gravity on an object.
Weight = Mass * Gravity
Measured in Newtons
What is gravity?
It is the force that attracts objects within the atmosphere toward the center of the Earth. It is the force of attraction between two objects. Acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 Newtons.
What is mass?
Anything that occupies space and has matter. It is the amount of matter in an object. Mass’s SI unit is Kg
Difference between mass and weight.
Mass
1. Anything that occupies space and has matter
2. SI unit = Kg
3. Remains constant
4. Doesn’t depend on weight
Weight
1. Force of gravity on an object
2. SI unit = Newtons
3. Varies from place to place
4. Depends on mass
What is force?
A push/pull acting on an object. SI unit - Newtons
What are newtons?
SI unit of force and weight. 1 Newton is the amount of force that causes a mass of 1 kg to accelerate at m/s^2
What is Net Force?
It is the overall force acting on a object that takes into account all of the individual forces acting on an object. It is a single force that replaces the effect of the original forces on the particles motion.
What are balanced forces?
When two equivalent forces act upon each other. Ex: Book on table
What are unbalanced forces?
Two unequal forces are acting upon each other. Ex: Tug of war
What are the types of forces?
Contact Forces
1. Applied force
2. Normal force
3. Frictional force
4. Tension force
5. Spring force
Non-Contact forces
1. Gravitational
2. Magnetic
3. Electrostatic
What is normal reaction force?
The force that is exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. Ex book on a table
It is exerted perpendicularly between two objects that are in contact with each other.
What is Frictional force?
Force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it, or makes an effort to. Also known as opposing force.
There are two types of frictional forces:
1. Static friction - Force keeps objects at rest.
2. Sliding friction - Force exerted by any two objects when sliding against each other.
What is tension force?
It is a force that is transmitted to a string, rope, cable, or wire when pulled tightly from forces acting in opposite directions
What is spring force?
The force is exerted by a spring when it is stretched or compressed.
The force created by the spring is proportional to the amount of spring stretched or compressed.
What are the causes of friction?
- Due to rough surface
- Due to the machinery of machine’s
- Due to irregularities of two surfaces in contact.
How can we reduce the force of friction?
- By adding lubricants
- By using ball bearings
- By smoothening the surface
- By streamlining the body.
State newtons first law of motion
Newton’s first law of motion states the motion of an object won’t change unless there is an unbalanced force acting upon it. Every object continues to be in the state of rest or uniform motion unless and until an external force is applied to it.
Inertia or rest - Tendency of an object to continue in the state of rest.
The inertia of motion - Tendency of an object to continue in the state of motion
The inertia of direction - The tendency of an object to continue in the same direction while in motion
What does Newtons second law state
Newton’s second law states that the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object divided by the mass of the object.
The rate of change in momentum is directly proportional to the force applied to it.
Acceleration = Net force/mass, A = f/m
A is directly proportional to f and inversely proportional to m
F = ma (a=9.8m/s)
What does Newtons third law state?
Newton’s third law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. This means that forces always act in pairs.
What is momentum?
It is the property of a moving object that makes it hard to stop. It is the product of mass velocity.
What does the law of conservation of momentum state?
The law of conservation of momentum states that when an action and reaction occur, momentum is transferred from one object to another but their combined momentum remains the same.
How does an objects mass affects its inertia?
Objects with greater mass have greater inertia.
