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IGCSE Physics > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What may a force cause?

A

A change of shape/ size to an object

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2
Q

What is Hooke’s Law?

A

The extension is directly proportional to the load beneath the elastic limit

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3
Q

Give the formula for Hooke’s law

A

Force = spring constant * Extension

F=kx

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4
Q

In a Hooke’s Law graph what goes on the x axis?

A

Load

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5
Q

In a Hooke’s Law graph what goes on the y axis?

A

Extension

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6
Q

How does a graph show that it obeys Hooke’s Law?

A

It goes through the origin and it is a straight line

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7
Q

How can the value of k change?

A

If you change the shape of the spring or the material that the spring is made out of

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8
Q

What is the limit of proportionality?

A

It is where the graph stops obeying Hooke’s Law

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9
Q

What can a force cause in terms of motion?

A

It can make an object stop, start or change direction

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10
Q

Define force

A

A push or a pull which acts upon an object as a result

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11
Q

Give 5 examples of forces

A 
Frictional Force
Spring force
Air resistance Force
Tension Force
Gravitational force
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12
Q

What quantity is force?

A

Vector

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13
Q

State the equation for force

A

F=ma

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14
Q

What is friction?

A

The force exerted by two surfaces which impedes motion and results in heating

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15
Q

What is a form of friction?

A

Air resistance

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16
Q

What does air resistance depend on?

A

Velocity and Surface Area

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17
Q

How do you calculate the resultant force if they are in parallel?

A

Addition

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18
Q

How do you calculate the resultant force if they are in opposite directions?

A

Subtraction

19
Q

Describe the motion states when stationary

A

Acceleration= zero

Resultant force= 0

20
Q

Describe the motion states when an object is moving with steady velocity

A

Acceleration= 0

Resultant force- 0

21
Q

Describe the motion states when an object is accelerating

A

Resultant force is NOT equal to 0

22
Q

What is the force acting upon a car when going in circles?

A

Centripetal force

23
Q

What happens to the velocity while moving in a circle?

A

It is always changing because of changing direction

24
Q

How can you increase the centripetal force?

A

If the mass of the object increases
If the velocity of the object increases
If the radius of the circle decreases

25
Q

What causes centripetal force?

A

Motion in a circular path due to a perpendicular force

26
Q

Which forces may act as centripetal forces?

A

Friction
Gravitational Force
Tension
Normal force

27
Q

What is the unit for force?

A

Newtons

28
Q

What is the unit for spring constant?

A

N/m

29
Q

What is a lever?

A

A simple machine that makes work easier to do

30
Q

Give the formula for moment

A

Moment= f*d

31
Q

What is the unit for moment?

A

Nm

32
Q

State the equilibrium conditions

A

The total upward force= The total downward force

The anticlockwise moment= Clockwise moment

33
Q

Give an equation for the equilibrium conditions

A

F1 *D1 = F2 * D2

34
Q

What is the objects centre of mass?

A

The point where the object’s mass is most concentrated

35
Q

How can you find the centre of mass?

A

Suspend the mass from each vertex and trace the plumb lines direction
Since the centre of mass will fall below the suspension point the centre of mass will be at the intersection of all the plump lines

36
Q

What do more stable objects have?

A

Lower centre of gravity

Wider base

37
Q

Why is a modern racing car stable?

A

It has a wide wheel base

A low centre of gravity

38
Q

What do levers do?

A

Reduce the force needed to perform those tasks- they reduce the effort needed to move the load by increasing the distance over which it is acting

39
Q

Define moment

A

A force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot

40
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

Only has magnitude

41
Q

What is a vector quantity

A

Has magnitude AND direction

42
Q

Give examples of scalar quantities

A

Mass, speed and energy

43
Q

Give examples of vector quantities

A

Velocity, acceleration, weight and momentum

IGCSE Physics (12 decks)

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