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SCIENCE > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Contact forces

A

friction

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2
Q

non contact force

A

magnetic force and gravitational force

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3
Q

S.I unit

A

newton

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4
Q

instrument to measure force

A

spring balance

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5
Q

effect of force

A
  • makes an object speed/slow/stop
  • change direction
    -change speed
    -cause a stationary object to move
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6
Q

gravity

A

-pull object
- causes objects to have weight
- stronger the pull, stronger the weight

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7
Q

gravity formula

A

Weight = mass X gravity
- 10N every 1kg of object

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8
Q

diff between mass and weight

A

-mass is the amt of matter in the object
- weight is the measurement of gravity on an object

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9
Q

location for gravity

A

-gravity pull of the earth is stronger then the moon, so weight of an object is higher on earth
- mass is NOT affected
- weight changes

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10
Q

Friction

A

-when two objects rub against each other
-slows down an object

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11
Q

examples of friction

A

walking, running, writing

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12
Q

cons of friction

A

wear and tear, heat productions

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13
Q

pressure

A

force acting on an area

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14
Q

S.I unit of pressure

A

Pascal (Pa)

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15
Q

what does a smaller area of contact do?

A

-smaller area of contact
- high pressure
-easily exerted

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16
Q

what does a larger surface area do?

A

-larger area of contact
- low pressure
- difficult to exert

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17
Q

formula of pressure

A

pressure= force (N) / area(m2)

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18
Q

boot studs

A
  • smaller area
  • exert greater pressure
  • prevent slipping
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19
Q

skis

A

-larger area
- reduce pressure
- easier to ski

20
Q

key word for pressure

A

HIGH pressure
LOW pressure

21
Q

Liquid (Pressure)

A

the deeper the water, the more pressure is exerted

22
Q

Dam

A

-base of dam is thicker then its top
- water pressure at the bottom is higher

23
Q

sucking on a straw

A
  • lower the air pressure inside as we remove some air inside
  • causes higher atmospheric pressure outside the straw to push liquid up the straw
24
Q

pressing a suction cup on the wall

A
  • air between the surface of wall and cup is removed
  • allows high atmospheric pressure to push it firmly on the surface of the wall
25
Q

work done

A
  • transfer of energy
  • from object to object
  • one form of energy to another
  • force applied on an object
    -causes it to travel a dist in the same direction of force
26
Q

S.I unit for work done

A

joule

27
Q

formula for work done

A

work = force (N) X dist (M)

28
Q

when is work NOT done

A
  • if object does NOT move when a force act on it
  • NO transfer of energy
29
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

energy is CANNOT be created OR destroyed
- total amt of energy before is the same as after the process

30
Q

Biofuels

A
  • made from animal waste or plant materials that CANT be eaten
  • power vehicles that produce CO2
  • CO2 taken in by plants
31
Q

formula of biofuels

A

CPE (biofuel) —- H.E —–KE (vehicles)

32
Q

fossil fuels

A
  • remains of dead living things
  • limited
  • not recommended
33
Q

formula of fossils fuels

A
  • CPE (fossil fuel) —-H.E —- K.E (turbine) —-E.E (generator)
34
Q

impact of fossils fuels

A
  • burning of fossil fuels release air pollutants and greenhouse gases
  • causing climate change
35
Q

solar energy

A
  • solar panels capture sunlight
  • does not release air pollutants
36
Q

formula of solar energy

A

L.E (sun) ——E.E (solar cell)

37
Q

hydroelectric energy

A
  • a hydroelectric power station stores water behind the dam
  • when water is releases, moving water powers the turbines to generate electricity
38
Q

formula of hydroelectric energy

A

GPE (water behind dam) —– KE (moving water) —- KE (turbine) —- E.E (generator)

39
Q

impact of hydroelectric energy

A
  • kills plants and forces animals to move
40
Q

wind energy

A

KE (wind) —– KE (wind turbine) — E.E (generator)

41
Q

impact of wind energy

A
  • large plots of land need to be cleared
  • birds killed if they collide into the blades
42
Q

geothermal energy

A
  • heat stored in earth core
  • used steam to generate electricity
43
Q

formula of geothermal electricity

A
  • HE (earth core) – KE (steam) — KE (turbine) — EE (generator)
44
Q

cons of geothermal energy

A
  • large lands cleared
45
Q

nuclear energy

A
  • nucleus of atoms
  • obtained through nuclear reactions
  • when a heavy atom splits into smaller atoms, a large amt of HE is released
46
Q

formula of nuclear energy

A

nuclear energy (atoms) — HE —KE (turbine) —EE (generator)

SCIENCE (7 decks)

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