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Physics > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is acceleration?

A

Rate of change in velocity

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2
Q

Is acceleration a vector or scalar quantity?

A

Vector quantity. This means it has magnitude and direction

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3
Q

What do distance-time graphs tell us?

A

How far something has travelled in how much time

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4
Q

What does the gradient of a line on a distance-time graph tell us?

A

Speed of the object

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5
Q

What does a straight line indicate on a distance time graph?

A

The speed is constant

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6
Q

What does a flat line indicate on a distance time graph?

A

Object is stationary

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7
Q

What does a curved line upwards indicate on a distance time graph?

A

Speed is increasing/ acceleration

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8
Q

What does a curved line downards indicate on a distance time graph?

A

Speed is decreasing/ decelaration

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9
Q

How do you find speed of a curve?

A

Draw a tangent, then find speed of the tangent

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10
Q

What is the formula for gradient?

A

Change in distance/change in time

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11
Q

Where is distance in distance-time graphs?

A

On the Y axis

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12
Q

Where is time in distance-time graphs?

A

X axis

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13
Q

What do velocity time graphs show us?

A

How an object’s velocity changes over time

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14
Q

Where is velocity in the graph?

A

Y axis

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15
Q

Where is time in velocity-time graph

A

X axis

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16
Q

What is the formula for gradient?

A

Change in velocity/change in time

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17
Q

What does the gradient show us in a velocity-time graph?

A

Tells us about an object’s acceleration

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18
Q

What does a constant positive gradient tell us?

A

Constant acceleration

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19
Q

What does a constant negative gradient tell us?

A

Constant decelaration

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20
Q

What does a flat line tell us?

A

Velocity is constant

21
Q

Steep curve

A

Rate of acceleration is increasing

22
Q

How do we find distance travelled in a velocity-time graph?

A

We find the area under the line

23
Q

What is a force

A

A force is a push, pull or a twist.

24
Q

What is force measured in?

A

Newtons (N)

25
Q

Are forces vector or scalar?

A

Forces are vector

26
Q

What are the 2 groups of forces?

A

Contact and non-contact forces

27
Q

What are contact forces?

A

Contact forces are those where the 2 objects are physically touching

28
Q

What are non-contact forces?

A

Forces where objects do not have to be physically touching

29
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

A resultant force is required to change the motion of an object

30
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

Any non-zero resultant force acts on an object, then it will cause the object to accelerate

31
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

The distance a car travels while the driver is reacting to an incident

32
Q

What is braking distance?

A

The distance car travels while brakes are applied

33
Q

What are some factors that affect braking distance?

A

Speed of vehicle
Road conditions
Weight of vehicle
Tire condition
Efficiency of braking system

34
Q

What are some factors affecting thinking distance?

A

Human Variation
External influence
Driver fatigue
Distractions
Visual impairments
Car’s speed

35
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

When the object doesn’t accelerate any further. Terminal velocity is the maximum speed attainable by an object

36
Q

What are the forces on an object that is at constant velocity?

A

They are balanced

37
Q

What is the formula for pressure?

A

Pressure = Force/Area

38
Q

What is pressure measured in?

A

Pascals

39
Q

What are the units of pascal?

A

N/M^2

40
Q

What are some applications of objects with high pressure?

A

Knifes, scissors and saws all need to have high pressure to easily cut through objects

41
Q

What are some applications of objects with low pressure?

A

Skis, tires, feet of big animals and seat belts need to have low pressure so that we can have stability, comfort and safety.

42
Q

What are two fundamentals about pressure in fluids?

A

a. Pressure increases with depth
b. Pressure acts equally in all directions

43
Q

What is the point that an object rotates around called?

A

The pivot

44
Q

What is the rotational effect of a force called?

A

It is called the moment

45
Q

How do we calculate moments?

A

Moment = force x distance to pivot

46
Q

What are moments measured in?

A

Nm or Ncm

47
Q

What are the 2 directions a moment can cause an object to move in?

A

Clockwise and anti-clockwise

48
Q

Clockwise moments =

A

Anti clockwise moments

Physics (5 decks)

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