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Gcse Phy Spec PAPER 2 > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What do scalar quantities only have

A

Magnitude

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2
Q

Vector quantities have what

A

A magnitude and an associated direction

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3
Q

What may a vector quantity be represented by

A

An arrow

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4
Q

In an vector quantity what does the length of the arrow represent and the direction

A

The magnitude and the direction is the direction of the vector quantity

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5
Q

What is a force

A

A push or pull that acts on an object to interaction with another object

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6
Q

What re the two forces

A

Contact force and non contact force

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7
Q

Define an contact force

A

The forces are physically touching

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8
Q

define an non contact force

A

The objects are physically seperate

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9
Q

Examples of contact forces

A

Friction , air resistance, tension and normal contact force

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10
Q

Examples of non-contact forces

A

Gravitational forces , electrostatic forces , magnetic force

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11
Q

What so force

A

A vector quantity

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12
Q

What is weight

A

The force acting on an object due to gravity

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13
Q

Why is the force of gravity close to earth

A

The gravitational field around the eartb

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14
Q

What does the weight of an object depend on

A

The gravitational field strength at the point where the object is

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15
Q

What can the weight of an object be calculated by -equation

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength

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16
Q

Letter equation for calculating the weight

A

[W=mg]

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17
Q

How is gravitational field strength written as

A

g

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18
Q

How is gravitational field strength measured

A

In neutons per kilogram (N/kg)

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19
Q

How is weight written

A

W

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20
Q

How is weight measured with

A

Newtons (N)

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21
Q

Describe the weight fi the object and the mass

A

The weight of an object and the mass are directly proportional to each other

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22
Q

What is weight measured with

A

A calibrated spring balance

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23
Q

What’s the resultant force

A

A single force which has the same affect as all the original forces acting together

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24
Q

What is the equation for work done

A

Workdone = force x distance

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25
Q

What is the letter equation for work done

A

[W=Fs]

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26
Q

How is work done written

A

W

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27
Q

How is work done measured

A

Joules (J)

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28
Q

How is force written

A

F

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29
Q

How is force measured

A

Neutons (N)

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30
Q

How is distance written

A

S

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31
Q

How is distance measured

A

Meteres

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32
Q

When is one joule of work done

A

When a force of one neuron causes a displacement of one meter

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33
Q

1joule=?

A

1 newton-metre

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34
Q

What does work done against the frictional forces acting on a object result to

A

A rise in temp of the object

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35
Q

What is the eqation for force

A

Force = spring constant x extention

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36
Q

What is the lettered equation for force

A

[F=ke]

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37
Q

What is the spring constant written as

A

K

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38
Q

What is the spring constant measured In

A

Neutons per metre (N/m)

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39
Q

How is extention written

A

e

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40
Q

What is extention measured in

A

Meteres (m)

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41
Q

Describe a force that stretches/compresses a spring

A

A force that stretches/compresses a spring does work and elastic potential energy is stored in the spring. Provided the spring is not inelastically deformed the work done of the spring, and the elastic potential energy stored are equal.

42
Q

Does distance involve direction

A

Nah

43
Q

Is distance a scalar quantity

A

Yes

44
Q

What does displacement include

A

Both the distance an object measured in a straight line form the start point to the finish pony and the direction of the straight line

45
Q

Is displacement a vector quantity

A

Yes

46
Q

Does speed involve direction

A

No

47
Q

Is speed a scaler quantity

A

Yer

48
Q

What is the speed of a moving object rarely

A

Constant

49
Q

When people walk run or travell in a car, what is the speed?

A

Constantly changing

50
Q

What is the typical value for walking

A

1.5m/s

51
Q

What is the typical value for running

A

3m/s

52
Q

What is the typical value for cycling

A

6m/s

53
Q

What is the typical value for the speed of sound in the air

A

330m/s

54
Q

What is the equation for an object moving at constant speed the distance traveled at a specific time

A

Distance travelled = speed x tiem

55
Q

What is the letterd equation for an object moving at constant speed the distance traveled at a specific time

A

[s=vt]

56
Q

How is distance written as

A

s

57
Q

What is distance measured in

A

Metres (M)

58
Q

How is speed written

A

v

59
Q

What is speed measured in

A

Metres per sec (m/s)

60
Q

Is velocity a vector quantity

A

Yeh

61
Q

What is velocity

A

speed in a given direction

62
Q

If an object moves along a starlight line , how can it be represented?

A

By a distance time graphj

63
Q

How can the speed of an object be calculated from the distance time graph?

A

Form the gradient

64
Q

If an object is accelerating, how can it be that particular time be determined?

A

Drawing a tangent and measuring the gradient of the distance time graph at that time

65
Q

What is the equation for the average acceleration of an object?

A

Acceleration = change in velocity
—————————
Time taken

66
Q

What is the letters equation for the average acceleration of an object?

A

[a=^v/t]

67
Q

What do you call an object that is slowing down

A

Decelerating

68
Q

How is acceleration written?

A

a

69
Q

What is acceleration measured in?

A

Metres per second, squared
(m/s2)

70
Q

How is change in velocity written as?

A

^v

71
Q

How is change In velocity measured in?

A

Metres per second (m/s)

72
Q

How can the acceleration of an object calculated?

A

From the gradient of velocity time graph

73
Q

How can the distance travelled by an object or the displacement of an object be calculated by

A

The area under velocity time graph

74
Q

How is final velocity written as

A

v

75
Q

What is the final velocity measured in?

A

Meteres per sec (m/s)

76
Q

How is initial velocity written as

A

u

77
Q

What is initial velocity measured in?

A

Meters per sec (m/s)

78
Q

Near the earths surface any object falling freely under gravity has an acceleration of about what

A

9.8m/s2

79
Q

What does an object for falling through fluid initially do

A

In initially accelerates due to the force of gravity. Eventually, the resultant force will be zero and the object move its terminal velocity.

80
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

If the resultant force acting on an object is zero, and

-The object stationary, the object remain stationary
-The object is moving. The object continues to move at the same speed and in the same direction, so the object continues to move at the same velocity.

81
Q

So therefore, in Newton, first law, if a vehicle travels steady speed what does this result to?

A

The recessive force balances the driving force

82
Q

What is interia

A

The tendency of objects to continue in the state of rest or of uniform motion

83
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object

84
Q

What is Newton second law as an equation?

A

Resultant force = mass x acceleration

85
Q

What is Newton second law in lettered equation

A

F=ma

86
Q

What is Newton third law?

A

Whenever two objects interact, the force they exert on each other are equal and opposite

87
Q

What factors may affect a drivers reaction time?

A

Tiredness, drugs and alcohol

88
Q

What may affect a drivers ability to react

A

Distractions

89
Q

What may affect the breaking distance of a vehicle?

A

Adverse road, weather conditions and poor condition of the vehicle

90
Q

What is an adverse road?

A

Wet or icy conditions

91
Q

What happens when forces is applied to the brakes of a vehicle?

A

Work done by the friction force between the brakes, and the wheel reduces the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the temp of the brakes inc

92
Q

The greater the speed of a vehicle the greater the what

A

The braking force needed to stop the vehicle, in a certain distance

93
Q

The greater the braking force, the greater the ?

A

To greater that deceleration of the vehicle

94
Q

What may large decelerations cause

A

The brakes overheating and or loss of control

95
Q

What is the equation for momentum?

A

Momentum = mass x velocity

96
Q

What is the lettered equation for momentum?

A

p = m v

97
Q

How is momentum written as

A

p

98
Q

What is momentum’s measurement

A

Kilograms meter per second (kg m/s)

99
Q

How do velocity written

A

v

100
Q

What is velocity measured in

A

Meters per sec (m/s)

101
Q

What is the conservation of momentum

A

In a closed system the total momentum b4 an event is equal to what The total momentum after the event

Gcse Phy Spec PAPER 2 (3 decks)

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