Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

science > forces 1 ( moment gears) > Flashcards

forces 1 ( moment gears) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what do vector quantites have

A

magnitude and a direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do scaler quantities have

A

magnitude only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a vector quantity represented by

A

an arrow and the length of the arrow represents the magnitude and the direction of arrow shows the direction of the quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name some vector quanitites

A

force, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name some scaler quantities

A

speed, distance, mass, temperature, time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a force

A

a force is a push or pull on an objected that is caused by it interacting with another object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what 2 forces are there

A

contact and non contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a contact force

A

objects which are physically touching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a non contact force

A

the objects are physically separated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

examples of contact forces include….?

A

air resistance, tension, normal contact force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which quantity is force

A

a vector quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

examples of a non contact force is..?

A

gravitational force, electromagnetism, magnetism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is weight

A

force acting on an object due to gravity
*force of gravity close to the earth due to gravitation field around the earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the weight of the object depend on

A

the gravitational field strength at the point of where the objects is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the equations used to find weight?

A

weight=mass x gravitations field strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the objects centre of mass

A

it is the weight acting on a single point (the centre) on the object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what equipment is used to measure weight?

A

calibrated spring balance (a newton meter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how is the weight of an object and mass proportional?

A

directly proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is a resultant force

A

whehn a number of forces acting on a object are replaced by a single force which has the same effect as original force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is a drag force

A

when a solid body interacts with a liquid or gas a drag force is produced on the solid body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

describe how work is done on an object

A

when a force moves an object through a distance energy is transferred and work is done on the object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

work done equation

A

work done= force x distance (moved along the line of action of the force)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when is 1 joule of work done?

A

1 joule of work is done when a force of one newton causes a displacements of one meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what happens when work is done against frictional forces?

A

when work done against the frictional force acting on the object the objects temperature rises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a resultant force definition?

A

overall force on a point or object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what force is involved in stretching an object

A

tension forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why do you need more than one force to change the shape of the object?

A

this is because if it was one force the object would simply move in the direction of the applied force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

difference between elastics deformation and inelastic deformation?

A

in elastic deformation the shape and can go back to its original shape after the force has been removed but inelastic does not return to it original shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the proportionality of a extension of a string and the force applied

A

the extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does the spring constant depend on?

A

the material, the stiffer the material the larger the spring constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the equation of force?

A

force= spring constant x extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the force involved in bending

A

bending forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

forces involved is squeezing compressing and object

A

compression forces

29
Q

when a force stretches a spring and does work what energy is transferred?

A

elastic potential energy is stored in the spring if the spring is not inelastic ally deformed and work done is equal to elastic potential energy in spring

30
Q

describe the difference between linear and non linear relationship between force and extension

A

linear has a straight line and the gradient is equal to the spring constant in non linear line begins to bend and the string stretches more every time the force increases

30
Q

what do you have to do before you start the experiment to investigate the link between the force and extension?

A

1.measure the mass of each of your masses with a mass balance
2.calculate the weight of masses using w=mg
pilot experiment
1. use identical spring load it with masses one at a time up to a total of 5
2. measure extension each time you add another mass
3. work out increase in extension for each mass if it is a bigger increase of extension than previous extension you have gotten past the limit of proportionality. use smaller masses

31
Q

what is limit of proportionality

A

the point at which the graph starts to curve showing that extension is no longer directly proportional to force

32
Q

what is the method of investigating the link between force and extension

A
  1. measure natural length of the spring (no load)with a millimeter ruler clamped to a stand and take reading at eye level, add a marker using thin strip of tape to the bottom of the spring to make reading accurate
  2. add mass to the spring and allow spring to come to rest, record mass, measure new length, extension is the change in length
    3.repeat process until you have enough measurements
33
Q

what is the unit of spring constant

A

N/m

34
Q

where in a force extension graph can you find the elastic potential energy stored?

A

area under the for extension graph

35
Q

elastic potential energy equation

A

e= 0.5 x spring constant x extension^2

36
Q

what is a moment

A

the turning effect of a force

37
Q

what causes a object to rotate

A

a system of forces

38
Q

what is the moment equation

A

moment = force x distance

39
Q

Where on the graph can you find the elastic potential energy stored in a force extension graph

A
40
Q

what is the unit of moment

A

Nm (newton metre)

41
Q

what is the distance when finding moments?

A

the perpendicular distance from pivot to the line of action of the force in meter

42
Q

what increases the moment

A

a larger force or longer distance

43
Q

how would you get the maximum moment?

A

push at right angles (perpendicular) to the object as pushing at any other angle means smaller distance = smaller moment

44
Q

how do you know if an object is balanced?

A

if the total anti clockwise moment equals the clockwise moment about a pivot

45
Q

what do leavers do?

A

leavers increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied so less force is needed for the same moment

46
Q

what are some example of leavers?

A

long sticks or bars
wheelbarrow

47
Q

what are gears

A

circular disc with ‘teeth’ around their edges

48
Q

how do gears transmit the rotational effect of forces?

A

their teeth interlock so that turning one causes another to turn in the opposite direction

49
Q

how can you change the moment of a force on a gear?

A

change the size, force transmitted to a larger gear will cause a bigger moment as the distance from the pivot is larger so will turn slower.

49
Q

what are gears used for?

A

transmit the rotation effect of a force from one place to another

50
Q

what state can a fluid be?

A

a liquid or a gas

51
Q

what does pressure of a fluid mean?

A

A force is exerted at right angles to any surface in contact with the fluid

52
Q

what is the equation of pressure

A

pressure = force normal to a surface/ area of that surface

52
Q

what is area measured in?

A

meter squared (M^2)

53
Q

what is pressure measured in?

A

pascals (Pa)

54
Q

what is density measured in?

A

kg/m^3

54
Q

what is the definition of pressure?

A

is the force per unit area

55
Q

what is gravitational fields strength measured in?

A

N/Kg

56
Q

the pressure in a liquid depends on what?

A

depth and density

57
Q

why does pressure increase as the liquid gets denser?

A

This is because the more particles it has in a certain space the more particles able to collide

58
Q

how to calculate pressure at certain depth due to column of liquid?

A

pressure = height of the column of liquid x density of the liquid x gravitation field strength

59
Q

what is upthrust?

A

when a partially or totally submerged object experiences a greater pressure on the bottom surface than top surface. creates a resultant force upwards called upthrust.

59
Q

why does liquid pressure increases with depth?

A

as depth increases number of particles above will increase and weight of the particles add to the pressure.

60
Q

what is upthrust equal to in a fluid?

A

upthrust is equal to the weight of the fluid that has been displaced.

61
Q

what causes an object to float?

A

when upthrust on an object is equal to the objects weight the forces balance.

62
Q

what causes an object to sink?

A

if the object weight is more than the upthrust, the objects sinks

63
Q

what factors influence sinking and floating?

A

density, weight, upthrust

64
Q

what happens to an object which is less dense than the fluid it is placed in?

A

this object is less dense than the fluid so can displace water equal to its own weight before it is completely submerged but will float

65
Q

what happened to object which are denser than the fluid it is placed in?

A

because the object example potato is denser than the fluid it cannot displace enough water to equal its own weight. this means its weight is larger than the upthrust so sinks.

66
Q

what is the atmosphere?

A

a thin layer of air around the earth

67
Q

how is atmospheric pressure created

A

created on a surface by air molecules colliding with the surface

68
Q

what happens as the height above the earth increases (altitude) ?

A

atmospheric pressure decreases and gets less dense

69
Q

As you increase the height of the surface above ground level ( basically as you go higher up into the air) what happens?

A

number of air molecules decrease as it gets less dense and compacted.

70
Q

what is the difference in higher height and lower height with air molecules and atmospheric pressure?

A

in lower height their is a higher atmospheric pressure and more air molecules and in higher less atmospheric pressure and less air molecules.

science (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions