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Physics > Force, Newton's Laws and Energy Test > Flashcards

Force, Newton's Laws and Energy Test Flashcards

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1
Q

A push or pull

A

force

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2
Q

The combination of all forces acting on an object

A

net force

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3
Q

The units for force

A

Newtons (N)

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4
Q

The units for energy

A

Joules (J)

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5
Q

What type of forces lead to acceleration?

A

unbalanced

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6
Q

Can an object move if forces are balanced?

A

YES! If forces are balanced an object it moves at a constant velocity. If you are pedaling your bike at a constant velocity, you are still exerting force but friction is matching you.

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7
Q

What is the general rule for the direction of friction?

A

Opposite the direction an object is moving

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8
Q

The force that opposes motion

A

friction

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9
Q

What force exists when an object is being pushed or pulled but not moving?

A

static friction

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10
Q

This friction occurs when a solid moves through a liquid or a gas

A

fluid friciton

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11
Q

Air resistance is an example of

A

fluid frction

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12
Q

Skateboards or wheels experiences

A

rolling friciton

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13
Q

What force pulls objects towards each other?

A

gravity

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14
Q

What two properties affect the strength of gravity?

A

Distance between the objects and Mass

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15
Q

Objects that are close together

A

exert a strong gravitational pull

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16
Q

Objects that are massive

A

exert a strong gravitational pull

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17
Q

Inertia

A

A resistance to a change in motion (related to 1st law) Objects with lots of inertia resist a change in motion. Objects with lots of mass have lots of inertia.

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18
Q

1st law

A

Objects in motion stat in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

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19
Q

2nd law

A

Mass, force and acceleration are related: F = MxA

It takes a large force to accelerate a large mass or cause a large acceleration

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20
Q

3rd law

A

Every action has an equal an opposite reaction.

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21
Q

WHICH LAW? A soccer ball sits in a field?

A

1st… it stays at rest

22
Q

WHICH LAW? A soccer ball rolls to a stop.

A

1st… it stays in motion until friction acts on it

23
Q

WHICH LAW? When kicked a canon ball accelerates less than a soccer ball

A

2nd. .. the large mass of the cannon ball is hard to accelerate
1st. .. the motion of the canon ball is hard to change because of its large inertia.

24
Q

WHICH LAW? SUVs use more gasoline to accelerate at 10 mi/hr/s than do motorcycles

A

2nd… the large mass of an SUV require more force (gas) to accelerate at the same rate as a less massive vehicle

25
Q

WHICH LAW? A swimmer pushes water backwards with her feet to move forwards

A

3rd… the water pushes on the swimmer just as hard as she pushes on the water

26
Q

WHICH LAW? The Sun and the Earth exert the same gravitational force upon each other.

A

3rd… All force pairs are equal and opposite. However, the Earth accelerates more from the same sized force because it has far less mass.

27
Q

WHICH LAW? The harder you hit a volleyball, the more it hurts

A

3rd… The volley ball exerts more force on your hand as you put more force into it.

28
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy of motion

29
Q

KE depends on

A

Mass and velocity

30
Q

Potential Energy

A

Stored energy

31
Q

Gravitational Potential Energy

A

Energy stored in objects with mass and height and also experiencing gravity.

32
Q

Elastic Potential Energy

A

Energy stored in something that is stretched or compressed

33
Q

Electromagnetic Energy

A

Energy associated with fields of force around charged particles

34
Q

Thermal Energy

A

Energy related to vibrating atoms or molecules… vast vibrations is high energy

35
Q

Chemical Potential Energy

A

Energy stored in the bonds between atoms. When these bonds are broken it makes the atoms shake, increasing thermal energy

36
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? Light

A

Electromagnetic

37
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? Radio Waves

A

Electromagnetic

38
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? X rays

A

Electromagnetic

39
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A car moves across flat ground

A

KE

40
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A hammer waits to fall

A

GPE

41
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? The atoms in an iron pan vibrate and cook meat

A

Thermal

42
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A log waits to burn in a fireplace

A

Chemical Potential

43
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A candy bar

A

Chemical Potential

44
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A bungie cord is stretched and waiting to pull a person back up.

A

EPE

45
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A Slinky waits at the top of the stairs

A

GPE

46
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? A slinky is stretched across the floor of a science classroom.

A

EPE

47
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY? someone runs

A

KE

48
Q

Energy cannot be…

A

created nor destroyed… only changed from one form to another.

49
Q

Energy appeared to be lost in the marble roller coaster because…

A

we did not keep track of heat energy. Friction turned KE into thermal energy.

50
Q

When was KE high on the marble roller coaster?

A

when the hight was low… this allowed for GPE to be converted into large velocities or large KE.

51
Q

When was KE low on the marble roller coaster?

A

KE was low when the height was high? This meant that most of the energy was stored as GPE. The marble converted its KE to travel up the second hill on the roller coaster.

Physics (3 decks)

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