Foramina

Question 1

Cribriform plate

Answer 1

Olfactory nerves

Question 2

Foramen cecum

Answer 2

Occasional small emissary vein from nasal mucosa to superior sagittal sinus

Question 3

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina

Answer 3

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves, arteries and veins

Question 4

Optic canal

Answer 4

Optic nerve, ophthalmic artery, central artery, and vein of retina

Question 5

Superior orbital fissure

Answer 5

Oculomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal artery, sometimes lesser petrosal nerve

Question 6

Foramen rotundum

Answer 6

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

Question 7

Foramen ovale

Answer 7

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal artery, sometimes lesser petrosal nerve

Question 8

Foramen spinosum

Answer 8

Middle meningeal artery

Question 9

Foramen lacerum

Answer 9

Upper part is transverse by the internal carotid artery and deep petrosal nerves en route to carotid canal

Question 10

Carotid canal

Answer 10

Internal carotid artery and sympathetic nerves

Question 11

Hiatus of facial canal

Answer 11

Greater petrosal nerve

Question 12

Internal auditory meatus

Answer 12

Facial and vestibulocochlear nerves and labyrinthine artery

Question 13

Jugular foramen

Answer 13

Glossopharyngeal, vagus, and spinal accessory nerves and beginning of internal jugular vein

Question 14

Hypoglossal canal

Answer 14

Hypoglossal nerve and meningeal artery

Question 15

Foramen magnum

Answer 15

Spinal cord, spinal accessory nerve, vertebral arteries, venous plexus of vertebral canal, and anterior and posterior spinal arteries

Question 16

Condyloid foramen

Answer 16

Condyloid emissary vein

Question 17

Mastoid foramen

Answer 17

Branch of occipital artery to dura mater and mastoid emissary vein

Question 18

Zygomaticofacial foramen

Answer 18

Zygomaticofacial nerve

Question 19

Supraorbital notch

Answer 19

Supraorbital nerve, artery and vein

Question 20

Infraorbital foramen

Answer 20

Infraorbital nerve, artery, and vein

Question 21

Mental foramen

Answer 21

Mental nerve, artery, and vein

Question 22

Petrotympanic fissure

Answer 22

Chorda tympani and often anterior tympanic artery

Question 23

Stylomastoid foramen

Answer 23

Facial nerve

Question 24

Incisive canal

Answer 24

Nasopalatine nerve and terminal part of the sphenopalatine or great palatine vessels

Question 25

Greater palatine foramen

Answer 25

Greater palatine nerve, artery, and vein

Question 26

Lesser palatine foramen

Answer 26

Lesser palatine nerve, artery and vein

Question 27

Palatine canal

Answer 27

Descending palatine vessels and greater and lesser palatine nerves

Question 28

Pterygoid canal

Answer 28

Runs from the anterior wall of the foramen lacerum to the pterygopalatine fossa and transmits the nerve of the pterygoid canal

Question 29

Sphenopalatine foramen

Answer 29

Sphenopalatine artery and vein and nasopalatine nerve

Question 30

Lacrimal foramen

Answer 30

Tear duct

Question 31

Mandibular foramen

Answer 31

Inferior alveolar nerve, artery, and vein

Question 32

Inferior orbital fissure

Answer 32

Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve