Foramen - extra testing Flashcards

Question

Superficial vein of legs

Answer 1

Great saphenous vein - medial aspect of leg, anterior to medial malleolus Small saphenous vein - lateral aspect of leg - posterior to lateral malleolus, joins the popliteal vein

Answer 2

Location: Anterior cranial fossa Cranial bone: Ethmoid bone Contents: * Olfactory nerve (CN I) * Anterior ethmoidal nerves

Answer 3

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Sphenoid bone Contents: * Optic nerve (CN II) * Opthalmic artery (located inferolaterally within the canal)

Answer 4

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Sphenoid bone Contents: **L**azy **F**rench **T**arts **S**it **N**akedly **I**n **S**exual **A**nticipation * Lacrimal nerve * Frontal nerve (branch of opthalmic nerve of trigeminal nerve (CN V)) * Trochlear nerve (CN IV) * Superior opthalmic vein * Nasociliary nerve (branch of opthalmic nerve (CN V1)) * Inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN III) * Superior dividion of the oculomotor nerve (CN III) * Abducens nerve (CN VI) (+ A branch of the inferior opthalmic vein)

Answer 5

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Sphenoid bone Contents: * Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V2) * Artery of foramen rotundum * Emissary veins

Answer 6

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Sphenoid bone Contents: **OVALE** * **O**tic ganglion (inferior) * **V**3 cranial nerve (mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve) * **A**ccessory meningeal artery * **L**esser petrosal nerve * **E**missary veins

Answer 7

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Sphenoid bone Contents: **MMA fighters break your SPINE** * **M**iddle **M**eningeal **A**rtery * Middle Meningeal Vein * Meningeal branch of CN V3/Nervus Spinosus

Answer 8

Location: Middle cranial fossa Cranial bone: Petrous part of temporal bone Contents: * Facial nerve (CN VII) * Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) * Vestibular ganglion * Labrynthine artery **EXTRA:** There are 4 regions within the IAM: anterio-superior/anterio-inferior/postero-superior/postero-inferior **...Seven UP, Coke DOWN** * Facial nerve (**CN VII**) located superiorly * Vestibulo**coch**lear nerve located inferiorly

Answer 9

Location: Posterior cranial fossa Cranial bone: * Anterior aspect= Petrous portion of temporal bone * Posterior aspect= Occipital bone Contents: **If someone hits you with a glass JUG call 9-11** * Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN **IX**) * Vagus nerve (CN **X**) * Accessory nerve (CN **XI**) * Jugular bulb * Inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses

Answer 10

Location: Posterior cranial fossa Cranial bone: Occipital bone Content: * Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Answer 11

Location: Posterior cranial fossa Cranial bone: Occipital bone Contents: **S**pecial **M**eninges **M**ake **A S**pecial **V**ertical **S**heath * Spinal cord * Meninges * Meningeal lympthatics * Accessory nerve * Sympathetic plexus on vertebral arteries * Vertebral arteries * Spinal branch of vertebral arteries

Answer 12

Midline Inferior border of mandible Medial border of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 13

**Borders:** Inferiorly – hyoid bone. Medially – midline of the neck. Laterally – anterior belly of the digastric **Contents:** Lymph nodes

Answer 14

**Borders:** Superiorly – body of the mandible. Anteriorly – anterior belly of the digastric muscle. Posteriorly – posterior belly of the digastric muscle. **Contents:** Submandibular gland, lingual nerve Facial artery and Vein

Answer 15

**Borders:** Superior – posterior belly of the digastric muscle. Lateral – medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Inferior – superior belly of the omohyoid muscle. **Contents: Common carotid artery**(which bifurcates within the carotid triangle into the external and internal carotid arteries), **Internal jugular vein Hypoglossal**and**vagus nerves**

Answer 16

**Borders:** Superiorly – hyoid bone. Medially – imaginary midline of the neck. Supero-laterally – superior belly of the omohyoid muscle. Infero-laterally – inferior portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. **Contents:** Midline organs: **thyroid, parathyroid, larynx, trachea,** infrahyoid muscle

Answer 17

**Borders:** Anterior – posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid. Posterior – anterior border of the trapezius muscle. Inferior – middle 1/3 of the clavicle. Covered by investing layer of fascia and floor formed by prevertebral fascia

Answer 18

**Muscles** - scalene, levator scapulae, splenius capitis, omohyoid (inf belly crosses post triangle in superomedial direction) **Vascular** - **External Jugular Vein** (formed by retromandibular and posterior auricular vein) - drains into the **Subclavian vein** **Nerves** - Spinal accessory nerve, **cervical plexus inc. phrenic nerve**

Answer 19

**I**n **C**ase **M**y **S**tudents **R**eally **L**ove **G**ames **I**'m **M**onopoly **I**nferior phrenic **C**oeliac(T12) **M**iddle adrenal **S**MA(L1) **R**enal **L**umbar **G**onadal (L2), **I**MA(L3), **M**edian sacral (L4),

Answer 20

T12 **Left gastric** (oesophageal branches) **Splenic** (L gastroepiploic (greater curve stomach), short gastric arteries **Common hepatic artery** : gives rise to R gastric, R + L hepatic, cystic and sup. and inf. gastroduodenal (head of panc.)

Answer 21

L1 Major branches: **Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery** **Jejunal & ileal arteries** (forms the anastamotic arcades) **Right & middle colic** **Ileocolic** (gives rise to branches supply illeum, caecum, colon and appendix) - can ligate appendicular artery in appendix

Answer 22

L3, supplies the hindgut, retroperitoneal main branches: **Left colic** (from distal 1/3 of transverse colon) **Sigmoid** **Superior rectal** Anastomosis with middle colic - Marginal artery of Drummond

Answer 23

Formed by CIV at L5 Drains - Lumbar veins, right gonadal, right adrenal, right and left renal, inferior phrenic and hepatic veins

Answer 24

IVC Hepatic portal system

Answer 25

Bifurcates from CCA at C4 **S**he **A**lways **L**ikes **F**riends **O**ver **P**apa, **M**ama and **S**ister * *S**uperior thyroid * *A**scending pharyngeal * *L**ingual * *F**acial * *O**ccipital * *P**osterior auricular * *M**axillary * *S**uperficial temporal

Answer 26

Bifurcates from CCA at C4 no extracranial branch enters via carotid canal **C**alming **V**oices **M**ake **I**ntra-**O**perative **S**urgery **P**leasurable **A**nd Almost **M**emorable **C**: caroticotympanic artery (C2) **V**: Vidian artery (C2) **M**: meningohypophyseal trunk (C4) **I**: inferolateral trunk (C4) **O**: ophthalmic artery (C6) **S:** superior hypophyseal artery (C6) **P**: posterior communicating artery (C7) **A:** anterior choroidal artery (C7) **A**: anterior cerebal artery (C7) **M**: middle cerebral artery (C7) - **forms circle Willis**

Answer 27

axillary nerve posterior circumflex humeral artery

Answer 28

superior - teres minor inferior - teres major lateral - humerus medial - long head of triceps

Answer 29

superior - teres minor inferior - teres major lateral - long head triceps

Answer 30

Long head of triceps Teres major Humerus

Answer 31

lateral - deltoid superior - clavicle inferior - pectoralis major

Answer 32

Lateral - brachioradialis medial - pronator teres superior - imaginary line between epicondyles roof - bicipital aponeurosis floor - brachialis and supinator

Answer 33

Radial nerve Biceps tendon Brachial artery Median nerve

Answer 34

Formed by two layers - deep carpal arch and superficial flexor retinaculum Lateral - scaphoid, trapezium Medial - hamate, pisiform

Answer 35

FDS/FDP/FPL tendons median nerve

Answer 36

Medial/ulnar - Extensor pollicis longus Lateral - Extensor pollicis brevis, Abductor Pollicis longus Proximal - radius styloid Floor - scaphoid and trapezium

Answer 37

Radial artery Radial nerve cephalic vein

Answer 38

Cephalic vein lateral pectoral nerve medial pectoral nerve

Answer 39

Radial nerve Profunda brachii artery

Answer 40

**Medial** – lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle. **Latera**l – inferior epigastric vessels. **Inferior** – inguinal ligament. Demarcate an area of potential weakness in the abdominal wall – through which herniation of the abdominal contents can occur.