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Marine Biology > For Final > Flashcards

For Final Flashcards

1
Q

Fungi

A

decomposers

‘Saprophytes’

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2
Q

Phylum porifera

  • spicules –>
  • spongin –>
A
  • hard structure either CaC3 or SiO2

- glycoprotein complex

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3
Q

Class anthozoa

A
  • Sea anemones and corals
  • Most corals require clear, warm, h20
  • Less suspended stuff
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4
Q

Flatworms

A

Eye spots

  • exhibit negative phototaxis. Move away from light
  • Regenerate lost parts
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5
Q

aposomatic coloration

A

look at meh (nudibranchs)
–> warning coloration
Subclass Opisthobranchia

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6
Q

Opposite of semalparity

A

is iteroparity – more than one reproductive event (class cephalopoda)

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7
Q

competition

A

conflict that may arise when resources become limiting

Compete for food/nutrients, mates, space

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8
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

Diff in app based on gender

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9
Q

cavitation

A
  • shock wave from air bubble production. order stomatopoda
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10
Q

breaching in whales

A

whale leaps out of water exposing majority of body above surface

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11
Q

coloration

A

the shallower an oceanic organism is, is more transparent

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12
Q

pen

A

squids have internal shell called pen

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13
Q

What is a fish?

A
  1. Poikilothermic except for scumbrids, xiphon types “warm bodied” *
  2. acoustico lateralis (lateral line) “distance touch” *
    - Ear bone called otoliths
  3. swim bladder +/-
  4. fins, medial at least *
  5. gills, except lung fishes *
  6. aquatic-except many spend time on land *
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14
Q

how many species of fish?

A

33,000

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15
Q

Ampullae of Lorenzini

A

Spiracles – ancestral –> H20 intake

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16
Q

scutes

A

light reflectors

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17
Q

sexual parasitism

A

commonly associated w deep sea anglerfish. M is much smaller than F. Males bite/attach themselves to females w jaws. His morphology disappears. In some cases circulatory systems are joined bw the two. He is dependent on her, she provides everything. The male is a sperm producing organ.

18
Q

stumpknocking

A

group of males shows off and knocks, female picks the best fitted

19
Q

cross dressers

A

female mimics. Color change

20
Q

Why d0 amphibians have no present day marine representatives?

A

lack of adaptation of kidney cause no osmotic balance

21
Q

Endemism

A

-origins at a specific site/place

22
Q

natant beach

A

beach of their birth

23
Q

what is a marine organism?

A

Aquatic (osmotic balance), 51% or more of nutrients come from marine environment, and adaptation for aquatic life

24
Q

pelagic birds

Keel

A

skeletal structure for muscular attachment

25
Q

where are penguins found?

A

Southern hemisphere

26
Q

Ontogeny

A

recapitulates phylogeny (haeckel)

27
Q

Whales- Rorqual

A

pleated throat

28
Q

gular pouch

A

pelicans use this as net to catch fish

29
Q

Ovoviviparity

A

in sharks embryos develop inside eggs and are retained in mother’s body until they are ready to hatch

30
Q

salt gland

A

organ for excreting excess salts. found in elasmobranchs and some reptiles.

31
Q

vertical migration

A

vertical movement along the water column in response to ontogenic, seasonal and daily changes

32
Q 
Class Chondrichthyes 
Subclass Elasmobranchii characteristics
A
  • jaws
  • cartilagenous skeleton
  • paired fins
  • 3 semicircular canals
  • 2 chambered heart
  • no gas bladder
33
Q 
Class Chondrichthyes 
Subclass Holocephali
A
  • single gill covering
  • no scales, no cloaca
  • head lateral line
  • feed on crustaceans, echinoids
  • only about 31 spp in world
34
Q

marine iguana

A

only species of lizard that lives partly in seawater

35
Q

which sea turtle is largest?

A

leatherback

36
Q

Penguins

A
  • legs are short
  • feed on fish, squid, crustacean
  • neck short
  • southern hemi **
37
Q

sea cows Order Sirenia

A
  • no fur
  • no hind limbs
  • birth in water
38
Q

whales characteristics

A
  • hairless bodies
  • tail horizontally flattened, w lateral extensions called flukes
  • nostrils (blowholes) on top of head
  • locomotion by vertical movement, flukes provide thrust
39
Q

walruses

Family Odobenidae

A
  • tusks for defense
  • feed using whiskers
  • rotating pelvis
40
Q

fishes

A

“All free-living, aquatic, cold- blooded, gill-breathing craniates in which fins and not pentadactyl limbs are developed.”

Marine Biology (3 decks)

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