For Final Flashcards
Fungi
decomposers
‘Saprophytes’
Phylum porifera
- spicules –>
- spongin –>
- hard structure either CaC3 or SiO2
- glycoprotein complex
Class anthozoa
- Sea anemones and corals
- Most corals require clear, warm, h20
- Less suspended stuff
Flatworms
Eye spots
- exhibit negative phototaxis. Move away from light
- Regenerate lost parts
aposomatic coloration
look at meh (nudibranchs)
–> warning coloration
Subclass Opisthobranchia
Opposite of semalparity
is iteroparity – more than one reproductive event (class cephalopoda)
competition
conflict that may arise when resources become limiting
Compete for food/nutrients, mates, space
sexual dimorphism
Diff in app based on gender
cavitation
- shock wave from air bubble production. order stomatopoda
breaching in whales
whale leaps out of water exposing majority of body above surface
coloration
the shallower an oceanic organism is, is more transparent
pen
squids have internal shell called pen
What is a fish?
- Poikilothermic except for scumbrids, xiphon types “warm bodied” *
- acoustico lateralis (lateral line) “distance touch” *
- Ear bone called otoliths - swim bladder +/-
- fins, medial at least *
- gills, except lung fishes *
- aquatic-except many spend time on land *
how many species of fish?
33,000
Ampullae of Lorenzini
Spiracles – ancestral –> H20 intake
scutes
light reflectors
sexual parasitism
commonly associated w deep sea anglerfish. M is much smaller than F. Males bite/attach themselves to females w jaws. His morphology disappears. In some cases circulatory systems are joined bw the two. He is dependent on her, she provides everything. The male is a sperm producing organ.
stumpknocking
group of males shows off and knocks, female picks the best fitted
cross dressers
female mimics. Color change
Why d0 amphibians have no present day marine representatives?
lack of adaptation of kidney cause no osmotic balance
Endemism
-origins at a specific site/place
natant beach
beach of their birth
what is a marine organism?
Aquatic (osmotic balance), 51% or more of nutrients come from marine environment, and adaptation for aquatic life
pelagic birds
Keel
skeletal structure for muscular attachment
where are penguins found?
Southern hemisphere
Ontogeny
recapitulates phylogeny (haeckel)
Whales- Rorqual
pleated throat
gular pouch
pelicans use this as net to catch fish
Ovoviviparity
in sharks embryos develop inside eggs and are retained in mother’s body until they are ready to hatch
salt gland
organ for excreting excess salts. found in elasmobranchs and some reptiles.
vertical migration
vertical movement along the water column in response to ontogenic, seasonal and daily changes
Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii characteristics
- jaws
- cartilagenous skeleton
- paired fins
- 3 semicircular canals
- 2 chambered heart
- no gas bladder
Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Holocephali
- single gill covering
- no scales, no cloaca
- head lateral line
- feed on crustaceans, echinoids
- only about 31 spp in world
marine iguana
only species of lizard that lives partly in seawater
which sea turtle is largest?
leatherback
Penguins
- legs are short
- feed on fish, squid, crustacean
- neck short
- southern hemi **
sea cows Order Sirenia
- no fur
- no hind limbs
- birth in water
whales characteristics
- hairless bodies
- tail horizontally flattened, w lateral extensions called flukes
- nostrils (blowholes) on top of head
- locomotion by vertical movement, flukes provide thrust
walruses
Family Odobenidae
- tusks for defense
- feed using whiskers
- rotating pelvis
fishes
“All free-living, aquatic, cold- blooded, gill-breathing craniates in which fins and not pentadactyl limbs are developed.”
