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CS 332-102 > For 2/9 > Flashcards

For 2/9 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the monolithic kernel?

A

An early kernel that was simple in design. It was executed as a single stating binary file, and communication within it was simple and fast

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2
Q

What is a microkernel?

A

A smaller kernel with only essential functions built in. All execution is done with processes.

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3
Q

What advantage does microkernel offer over monolithic?

A

It’s coding process is faster, and its easier to maintain.

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4
Q

What kind of environments allow a microkernel to excel?

A

HPC and distributed environments

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5
Q

What is a disadvantage of the microkernel?

A

Overhead of communication

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6
Q

What is multithreading?

A

A process or task is divided into threads that can run concurrently

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7
Q

What is a permanent fault?

A

A hardware failure

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8
Q

What is a transient fault?

A

One that occurs only once

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9
Q

What is an intermittent fault?

A

One that occurs many times and is unpredictable

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10
Q

What is mean time to repair?

A

The mean time needed to make a repair

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11
Q

What is mean time to failure?

A

Just that

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12
Q

What is availability?

A

MTTF/(MTTF+MTTR)

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13
Q

What is the virtual machine approach?

A

Lets one or more cores be devoted to a process, and the processor is left alone to complete it

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14
Q

What was good about re-writing unix in C?

A

It proved that other OSes could be written in programming languages

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15
Q

What order does unix sit?

A

Hardware -> kernel -> system call interface -> UNIX commands and applications

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16
Q

What was SVR4?

A

An OS by ATT and Sun that aimed to combine features of prominent OSes of the day

17
Q

What is BSD?

A

Berkeley software distribution. Basis of modern Linux/Unix. Included best separate pieces of it combined together

18
Q

What kernel does Linux use?

A

Monolithic, but it is very modular

19
Q

What is a modular monolithic kernel?

A

Its the same old kernel but it only loads what it needs, i.e. no CD things if there is no CD drive

20
Q

What is a Frame

A

A fixed length block of memory

21
Q

What is a page?

A

A fixed length block of data that resides in secondary memory and may be copies into a frame of main memory

22
Q

What is a segment?

A

A variable length block of memory that resides in secondary memory

23
Q

Relocation

A

Moving processes between areas of memory

24
Q

Base

A

Address of a starting process

25
Q

Limit

A

Size of the process

26
Q

Protection

A

Processes must get permission to access certain memory locations for reading and writing

27
Q

Sharing

A

Allowing processes to receive the same copy of a program

28
Q

Overlaying

A

Programs and their data are organized to modules in the same region of memory. A main program is responsible for switching around the modules

CS 332-102 (11 decks)

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