Ch. 2 PPT Part 1

Question 1

What do we expect the OS to do?

Answer 1

Control/manage HW, run applications quickly

Question 2

What are the objectives of the OS?

Answer 2

Convenience, efficiency, and the ability to evolve

Question 3

Where does the OS sit in the grand scheme of things?

Answer 3

It sits between the hardware and the applications and APIs

Question 4

What is a very important OS service?

Answer 4

The GUI. It makes everything more convenient

Question 5

What features are more prevalent on Linux systems?

Answer 5

The ease at which developing is

Question 6

Where does ISA come into the OS?

Answer 6

It’s how it interfaces with the hardware

Question 7

What is ABI?

Answer 7

Application binary interface. It’s the means by which system calls are made and the program gains access to system resources

Question 8

What does the OS do in terms of data?

Answer 8

It handles movement, storage, and processing of data

Question 9

What is an example of an OS evolving?

Answer 9

The OS accommodating newer hardware or a security patch being released.

Question 10

What OS is good with backwards compatibility?

Answer 10

Linux

Question 11

How does the OS interact with the processor?

Answer 11

It relinquishes control and then depends on the processor to allow it to regain control

Question 12

What was serial processing?

Answer 12

In the 1940’s and 50’s, users had control to the machine in series. Time would be wasted because you had no control over what someone did in there. Also, setup was long

Question 13

What was the monitor?

Answer 13

It was an early kernel. Users would no longer have direct access to the CPU. The punched cards were put on a tape and run sequentially

Question 14

How did the monitor output things?

Answer 14

The results were put onto an output tape and then printed out

Question 15

What concept did the monitor introduce?

Answer 15

The interrupt, which was early multitasking

Question 16

What other OS concepts did the monitor introduce?

Answer 16

Drivers, sequencing, and IO. Also, it was always sitting in memory and always running (resident monitor)

Question 17

How did early hacking arise?

Answer 17

When the monitor was running a program, it had complete control.

Question 18

How did you control use time with the monitor?

Answer 18

You could control the max time each person spent on there. When the cap was hit, there was an interrupt

Question 19

What were the early modes?

Answer 19

User and system. It implemented early control over who could access what data. System calls were needed for hard drive access

Question 20

What is JCL?

Answer 20

Job control language. Controls what compiler to use and what data to use

Question 21

How does the monitor balance out?

Answer 21

It uses more memory but improves efficiency

Question 22

What is multiprogramming?

Answer 22

The processor switches between jobs when it is waiting for IO or something

Question 23

How do you calculate use time?

Answer 23

Multiply the percentage use by the time, then divide it by the total time.

Question 24

What is a time-sharing system?

Answer 24

The idea of interactive jobs, where users are sitting behind a terminal and doing things

Question 25

What happens if a job overlaps?

Answer 25

Users get access to parts of memory which they;re not supposed to

Question 26

What is a process?

Answer 26

It’s a concept describing a program running and its smaller parts running

Question 27

What are OS errors?

Answer 27

Improper sync, failed mutual exclusion, nondeterminate program operation, and deadlock

Question 28

One program runs in multiple ____

Answer 28

Processes

Question 29

What is the program lifecycle?

Answer 29

Initiated, process, and exit

Question 30

What does the process contain?

Answer 30

The executable program, the associated data, and the execution context

Question 31

What is virtual memory?

Answer 31

Only small amounts of a program are loaded into memory , and pointers are used to swap around between this virtual memory and the physical memory