Foot/ankle Flashcards
Ankle stats
25,000 people suffer from ankle injuries a day
40% of all injuries
1/2 involve playing a sport(mostly basketball)
> 80% INVERSION
Peak at ages 15-19
30% seen in sports medicine clinic
1/260 college games played
avg. time missed 2.2 weeks
1/2 injuries sustained on LANDING
25% landing on other persons foot
Inversion invovles LATERAL SIDE
Most common ligament damage: anterior talo fibular ligament
second most affected ligament is calcanofibular ligament
which ankle grade sprain do chiropractors not treat?
grade 3
DELTOID SPRAIN
- Eversion sprain
- medial ligament
O – tibia
I – talus, sustentaculum tali, navicular
DELTOID SPRAIN results from
eversion or overuse
DELTOID SPRAIN
• Patient presentation:
Pain at medial ankle
Edema
Radiating pain possibly to knee
Severity varies
DELTOID SPRAIN
Evaluation:
Hx of eversion injury
Signs of trauma on inspection
Palpatory tenderness
x-ray – evaluate for avulsion
Ortho – usually cannot perform in acute case
Neruo negative
Related areas - negative
DELTOID SPRAIN
• Treatment:
RICE
Brace
Surgery usually not required
Spinal adjustments
Foot/ankle manipulation
Therapy
Exercise – including proprioception
HIGH ANKLE SPRAIN
Invovles 3 tissues
- Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Interosseous membrane
High ankle sprain aka
syndesmotic sprain:
HIGH ANKLE SPRAIN
Occurs by:
External rotation when foot is turned toward the outside with respect to the leg
Most common as a sports injury
HIGH ANKLE SPRAIN
Patient presentation:
Lateral pain above ankle level
• Swelling/ecchyimosis on inspection
HIGH ANKLE SPRAIN
Ortho
squeeze test”
External rotation test
squeeze test
squeeze leg just below knee to see if pain radiates to high ankle ligament area making test positive.
External rotation test
knee is slightly flexed and ankle is placed in neutral. Foot is turned to outside. Pain at high ankle area is positive finding.
HIGH ANKLE SPRAIN
X-ray
Fx must be ruled out
