Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) Flashcards
is highly contagious viral disease of many wild and domestic cloven-footed mammals and many other animals.
foot and mouth disease
in swine, the FMD disease is characterized by?
vesicles on the feet, snout and mouth
are susceptible to FMD
wild and domestic animals, esp. CLOVEN-FOOTED MAMMALS
The disease occurs in most countries with a _____________ unless those countries have eradicated it and maintained their disease-free status.
large livestock population
are resistant to FMD
Horses
All age groups are susceptible of FMD
An _________ of the Family _________ causes FMD
Aphthovirus, Picornaviridae
There are at least __________ immunologically distinct types of virus
seven. (A, O, C, South African Territory (SAT) 1, 2, 3 and Asian 1
Over ______ subtypes of virus have been identified and new subtypes continue to develop
60
Effective disinfectants of FMD virus include;
sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, sodium carbonate and Virkon (Durvet)
Virus transmission occurs through ___________ and ____________
respiratory aerosols and direct or indirect contact with infected animals
Aerosols transmission of FMD virus over distances as great as ______ is believed to occur under certain weather conditions
30 miles
referred to as “amplifier hosts” for FMD virus
cattle or sheep
virus persists for long periods of time in _________
frozen meat products
In several notable FMD outbreaks, the index case has been associated with the _________
consumption by pigs uncooked waste food containing infectious meat scraps
contaminated biologics, including ________, have been responsible for outbreaks
vaccines
FMD virus adheres ________
mucosa of the respiratory tracts- usual site of virus entry
__________ are believed to transport virus to secondary sites
Macrophages
Secondary sites where the virus transports
epithelium, mucosa and myocardium
in swine, common vesicle sites include;
snout, mouth, tongue, feet
In cattle, The FMD virus affects the ___________ , and the virus is shed in _______ for a prolonged period
mammary gland epithelium, milk
the FMD virus often causes __________ in ___________.
severe myocardial necrosis in neonatal and young pigs
secondary infection occurs on the ______ and leads to __________
feet, chronic lameness
mottled myocardial lesions sometimes are referred to as __________ and are useful in diagnosis
“tiger heart” lesion
