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Annabel's Anatomy > FOOT AND ANKLE PRACTICAL > Flashcards

FOOT AND ANKLE PRACTICAL Flashcards

1
Q

Action of Gastrocnemius

A

Plantarflexor and knee flexor

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2
Q

Which muscle is the most superficial calf muscle?

A

Gastrocnemius

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3
Q

Origin of the medial head of Gastrocnemius

A

Medial supracondylar ridge and femoral tubercle

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4
Q

Origin of the lateral head of Gastrocnemius

A

Lateral femoral condyle

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5
Q

Insertion of Gastrocnemius

A

Via tendocalcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneus

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6
Q

Nerve supply of Gastrocnemius

A

Tibial nerve S1 S2

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7
Q

Gastrocnemius function

A

Walk up stairs

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8
Q

Brief explanation of how to palpate Gastrocnemius

A

Model in prone lying.
Plantarflex foot and flex knee to 50 degrees.
Resist.
Palpate either side of knee down to tendocalcaneus.

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9
Q

Action of Soleus

A

Plantarflexes ankle

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10
Q

Which muscle lies deep to Gastrocnemius?

A

Soleus

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11
Q

Origin of Soleus

A

Soleal line on the posterior of tibia, and lateral 2/3 fibula

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12
Q

Insertion of Soleus

A

Via tendocalcaneus into the posterior surface of calcaneus

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13
Q

Nerve supply of Soleus

A

Tibial nerve S1 S2

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14
Q

Function of Soleus

A

Ankle stability, prevents forward tilt

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15
Q

Brief explanation of how to palpate Soleus

A

Model in prone lying.
Resist plantarflexion
Palpate under heads of gastroc and either side of tendocalcaneus.

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16
Q

Function of Soleus

A

Ankle stability. Prevent forward tilt

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17
Q

Action of Tibialis Anterior

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

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18
Q

Origin of Tibialis Anterior

A

Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia and interosseous membrane

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19
Q

Insertion of Tibialis Anterior

A

Medial side of medial cunieform and 1st metatarsal base

20
Q

Nerve supply of Tibialis Anterior

A

Deep peroneal nerve L4 L5

21
Q

Brief explanation of palpation of Tibialis Anterior

A

Model in long sitting
Resist dorsiflexion and inversion
Palpate lateral to tibia to medial side of foot

22
Q

Function of Tibialis Anterior

A

Clearance of foot during gait swing

23
Q

Action of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Dorsiflexes foot and big toe extension

24
Q

Origin of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Middle 1/2 of fibula and interosseous membrane

25
Q

Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Dorsal surface base of distal phalanx of big toe (hallux)

26
Q

Nerve supply of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Deep peroneal nerve L5 S1

27
Q

Brief explanation of palpation of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Model in long sitting
Resist great toe extension
Find tendon, palpate proximally

28
Q

Function of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Toe clearance in gait swing

29
Q

Action of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Dorsiflexes ankle. Extends the four toes

30
Q

Origin of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Upper 2/3 fibula, interosseous membrane and lateral tibial condyle

31
Q

Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Forms extensor hood, attaches the distal and middle phalanx of the four toes on upper surface.

32
Q

Nerve supply of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Deep peroneal nerve L5 S1

33
Q

Brief explanation of palpation of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A 
Model in long sitting
Resist toe extension 
Locate four tendons 
Palpate proximally until four tendons join 
(just under fibula)
34
Q

Function of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Toe clearance in gait swing

35
Q

Action of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Everts and plantarflexes foot

36
Q

Origin of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Longus- upper 2/3 of lateral fibula

Brevis- lower 1/3 of lateral fibula

37
Q

Insertion of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Bottom of medial cunieform, base of 1st metatarsal and base of 5th metatarsal

38
Q

Nerve supply of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Superficial peroneal nerve L5 S1

39
Q

Function of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Balance on one leg support

40
Q

Brief explanantion of palpation of Peroneus Longus and Brevis

A

Model in long sitting
Resist eversion
Palpate lateral side of fibula down to ankle lateral malleolus

41
Q

Action of Tibialis Posterior

A

Inverts and plantarflexes the foot

42
Q

Origin of Tibialis Posterior

A

Upper posterior tibia, posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

43
Q

Insertion of Tibialis Posterior

A

Navicular tubercle and medial cunieform

44
Q

Nerve supply of Tibialis Posterior

A

Tibial nerve L4 L5

45
Q

Brief explanation of palpation of Tibialis Posterior

A

Model in long sitting
Ask model to plantarflex and invert foot
Only palpable tendon at the medial malleolus

46
Q

Function of Tibialis Posterior

A

Balance one leg and arch support

Annabel's Anatomy (12 decks)

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