Foot and Ankle Biomechanics

Question 1

What is the joint classification, capsular pattern and close paced positiong of the inferior tibiofibular joint.

Answer 1

i) syndesmosis
ii) pain when mortice is splayed (WBing DF)
iii) close back in WBing DF

Question 2

Describe the osteokinematics of the inferior tibiofibular joint.

Answer 2

Superior lateral translation with DF and tibial IR

Question 3

Describe the arthrokinematics of the inferior tibiofibular joint.

Answer 3

i) anterior glide
ii) posterior glide

Both minimal

Question 4

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the talocrural joint.

Answer 4

i) modified sellar, synovial, compound
ii) PF > DF
iii) 10 deg PF
iv) wnd range DF
v) DF/PF 1 DoF
vi) capsular, soft tissue on DF

Question 5

Describe the OK of the talocrural joint.

Answer 5

i) impure swing about oblique transverse axis
ii) conjunct ER w/ DF
iii) conjunct talar IR w/ PF

Question 6

Describe the arthrokinematics of the talocrural joint.

Answer 6

i) anterior glide of talus w/ PF

ii) posterior glide of talus w/ DF

Question 7

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the subtalar joint.

Answer 7

i) compound, synovial, anterior and posterior facets are both modified ovoid but functions as modified sellar
ii) supination > pronation
iii) end range pro or sup
iv) midway between pro and sup
v) pronation/supination 1 DoF
vi) capsular

Question 8

Describe the OK of the subtalar joint.

Answer 8

i) impure swing about oblique axis
ii) pro (primarily eversion)
iii) sup (primarily inversion)

Question 9

Describe the open chain arthrokinematics at the subtalar joint.

Answer 9

i) pronaton w/ lateral glide of anterior calcaneal facet and medial glide of posterior calcaneal facet
ii) supination w/ medial glide of anterior calcaneal facet and lateral glide of posterior calcaneal facet

Question 10

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the talonavicular joint.

Answer 10

i) synovial, modified ovoid
ii) LImitatio of DF, PF, ADD and IR. ABD and ER full.
iii) slight PF
iv) supination
v) PF/DF and inv/ev 2 DoF
vi) capsular

Question 11

Describe the OK of the talonavicular joint.

Answer 11

i) Arcuate swing about two separate axes
ii) DF w/ mild inversion and ADD
iii) PF w/ mild eversion and ABD

Question 12

Describe the arthrokinematics of the talonavicular joint.

Answer 12

i) PF w/ plantar glide and IR of navicular

ii) DF w/ dorsal glide and ER of navicular

Question 13

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the CC joint.

Answer 13

i) synovial, simple, unmodified sellar but functions as modified
ii) LImitation of DF, PF, IR and ADD. ABD and ER full.
iii) slight PF
iv) unknown
v) pro/sup 1 DoF
vi) capsualr

Question 14

Describe the OK of the CC joint.

Answer 14

i) arcuate swing

i) pronation/supination about oblique axis

Question 15

Describe the AK of the CC joint.

Answer 15

i) pronation w/dorsal glide with IR (ev) and ABD

ii) supination w/ plantar glide ER (inv) and ADD

Question 16

Describe the C and DoF of the cuneonavicular joints.

Answer 16

i) compound, synovial, modified ovoid

ii) DF/PF and inv/ev 2 DoF

Question 17

Describe the AK of the cuneonavicular joints.

Answer 17

i) PF w/ plantar glide and IR (inv)

ii) DF w/ dorsal glide and ER (ev)

Question 18

Describe the C, DoF and OK of the cuneocuboid joint.

Answer 18

i) syndesmotic, planar
ii) pro/sup 1 DoF
iii) impure swing about an oblique axis in multiple planes

Question 19

Describe the arthrokinematic of the cuneocuboid joint.

Answer 19

i) pronation w/ dorsal glide of the cuboid

ii) supination w/ plantar glide of the cuboid

Question 20

Describe the AK of the intercuneiform joints

Answer 20

i) fanning - plantar glide of medial on middle nd dorsal flide of lateral on middle. Pronation.
ii) folding - dorsal flide of medial on middle and plantar flide of lteral on middle. Supination.

Question 21

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the TMT joints.

Answer 21

i) simple, synovial, modified ovoid
ii) unknown
iii) 10 deg ext
iii) end range ext
iv) PF/DF and ABD/ADD 2 DoF
v) capsular

Question 22

Describe the OK of the TMT jts.

Answer 22

1st Ray - flex/ext and ABD/ADD (oblique axis impure swing)
2-4 Ray - flex/ext and follow 1st ray
5th ray - flex/ext and ABD/aDD

Question 23

Desccribe the AK of the TMT jts.

Answer 23

1st Ray DF - dorsal glide w/ ER of 1st MT (fan
1st Ray PF - plantar glide w/ IR of 1st MT (fold)
2-4 Ray - dorsal and plantar glides, follow the first
5th Ray DF - dorsal glide w/ IR of 5th MT (fan)
5th Ray PF - plantar glide e/ ER of 5th MT (fold)

Question 24

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF and EF of the MTP joints.

Answer 24

i) simple, synovial, modified ovoid
ii) 1st is ext > flex, 2-5 is flex > ext
iii) 10 deg ext
iv) end range ext
v) ABD/ADD and Flex/eXT 2 DoF
vi) capsular

Question 25

Describe the OK of the MTP joints.

Answer 25

i) Flex/ext - impure swing about a transverse axis in the sagittal plane
ii) ABD/ADD - impure swing about a vertical axis in the coronal plane

Question 26

Describe the AK of the MTP joints.

Answer 26

i) flex 1st MT plantar glide w/ ER, 2-5 MT plantar glide w/ IR
ii) ext 1st MT dorsal glide w/ IR, 2-5 MT dorsal glide w/ ER
iii) RELATIVE TO 2nd RAY ABD - lateral glide away from 2nd toe
iv) RELATIVE to 2nd RAY ADD - medial glide away from 2nd toe

Question 27

Describe the C, CP, RP, CPP, DoF, OK and EF of the IP joints.

Answer 27

i) simple, synovial, modified sellar
ii) flex > ext
iii) slight flex
iv) full ext
v) 1 flex/ext
vi) arcuate swing about transverse axis
vi) capsular

Question 28

Describe the arthrokinematics of the IP jts.

Answer 28

i) plantar glide of distal phalanx on PF

ii) dorsal glide of distal phalanx on DF