Foot and Ankle Flashcards
parts of the deltoid ligament
posterior tibiotalar
tibionavicular
tibiocalcaneal
anterior drawer test
Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL)
talar tilt test
Calcaneofibular ligament (inversion) Deltoid ligament (eversion)
what does the ottowa ankle and foot rules help to differntiate
fracture from a sprain
Ottawa Ankle rules
An ankle radiographic series is indicated if a patient has pain in the malleolar zone and any one of these findings:
1. Bone tenderness at posterior edge or tip of lateral
mallelous
2. Bone tenderness at posterior edge or tip of medial
mallelous OR
3. Inability to bear weight immediately
Ottowa Foot rules
A foot radiographic series is indicated if a patient has pain in the mid-foot zone and any one of these findings:
1. Bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal 2. Bone tenderness at navicular bone or 3. Inability to bear weight immediately
what is a high ankle sprain/syndesmosis injury
injury to the ligament that is in between tib/fib
what is included in the syndesmosis
interosseous ligament
anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament
posterior-inferior fibular ligaments, and
inferior transversetibiofibular ligament
syndesmosis MOI
Dorsiflexion & external rotation
Maisonneuve fracture
proximal fibular fx associated with medial malleolus injury
tests for syndesmosis injury
“Squeeze Test”
Kleiger’s Test
bimalleolar fracture
Fracture involving distal fibula and distal tibia
trimalleolar fracture
Fracture involving distal fibula, distal tibia, & posterior tibia
when is ORIF w/ trimalleolar fracture indicated
- > 25% of posterior articular surface is involved;
- fracture is displaced more than 2 mm;
- there is posterior subluxation of talus;
- if fracture prevents reduction of fibula
achilles tenodnitis vs rupture
tendonitis –> overuse, pain/swelling
rupture –> usually acute, inability to bear weight, LOF
Lisfranc Injury
“keystone” wedging of the second metatarsal into the cuneiforms
Dorsal dislocation of the proximal base of the second metatarsal
what do you order if there is persistent pain with the lisfranc injury
MRI
Lisfranc MOI
Foot is placed in extreme plantar flexion (extension) with an axial load
avulsion vs jones fracture
look at pic of red and purple pic on slide 48, avulsion is posterior to the jones fracture
plantar fasciits presentation
First few steps of the day and end of day produce excruciating pain – feels like stepping on glass.
plantar fascitits tx
Splints/orthotics Massage/stretching Spike massage balls Frozen water bottle Correct underlying problem
corns vs calluses
corn- painful, central core
calluses- not painful
