Food Security Flashcards
food security
when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life
how many acres of land does it take to sustain the average american diet?
2.67
what region has the largest number of undernourished people?
India
what region has the largest proportion of undernourished people?
central africa
malnourishment
nutritional imbalance caused by a lack of specific dietary components or an inability to use essential nutrients
most common dietary deficiency in the world
iron deficiency (anemia)
symptoms of iodine deficiency
goiter, thyroid function
symptom of vitamin a deficiency
childhood blindness
kawshiorkor symptoms
distended stomach from fluid
kawshiorkor causes
enough calories, but not enough nutrients after being displaced from the breast
marasmus
“wasting away” from not enough calories or nutrients
what is a healthy BMI?
25 or below
what is an obese BMI?
above 30
what are the 3 major staple crops?
wheat, rice, maize
staples at high latitudes with cool, moist climates
potatoes, barley, oats, and rye
staples in warm, wet climates
cassava and sweet potatoes
developed countries make up 20% of the world population, but consume ___% of meat and milk consumption
80%
____% of grain grow in North America is used to feed animals
90%
environmental issues with raising beef
greenhouse gases, forest destruction, water use, nutrient efficiency
sheet erosion
thin, uniform layer of soil removed
rill erosion
small rivulets of running water gather and cut small channels in the soil
gully erosion
rills enlarge to form channels too large to be removed by normal tillage
wind erosion
can equal or exceed water as an erosive force
main components of fertilizer
nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
___% of crop yields may be lost without pesticides
50%
up to ___% of all pesticides never reach target organisms
90%
Flavr Savr tomato
vine ripened tomatoes are less susceptible to bruising
sustainable agriculture
produces food and fiber on a sustainable basis and to repair damage caused by destructive practices
methods to reduce soil erosion and rainfall runoff
crop rotation and continuous bluegrass
Dr. Gebisa Ejeta
- world food prize 2009
- drought resistant sorghum hybrids
David Beckham and Jo Luck
- world food prize 2010
- heifer international: grassroots organization that empowers everyday citizens
Dr. Robert Mwanga
- world food prize 2016
- developed a sweet potato that was rich in Vitamin A, drought and disease tolerant
