Food Safety

Question 1

examples of chemical food hazards

Answer 1

mycotoxins, industrial chemicals, heavy metals

Question 2

examples of physical food hazards

Answer 2

sharp and choking hazards, filth, animal food

Question 3

examples of biological food hazards

Answer 3

infection of bacteria, parasites, viruses

Question 4

In general, how does the FDA have a role in food safety?

Answer 4

They are controlled by congress to ensure food is safe, sanitary, wholesome, and labelled correctly by inspecting products and manufacturers

Question 5

In general, how does the CDC have a role in food safety?

Answer 5

Its the link between food borne illness and food safety systems of gov’t agencies and food producers. They will get involved if there is a multistate outbreak of foodborne illness.

Question 6

In general, how does the USDA have a role in food safety?

Answer 6

they CONTINUOUSLY inspect trying to prevent food borne illness

Question 7

what are two subsets of the USDA that help prevent food borne illness?

Answer 7

1. FSIS: inspects meat, poultry eggs along with educating consumers and doing product recalls
2. APHIS: improves healthy, quality and marketability of ag animals with lab services and preventing antimicrobial resistance

Question 8

food products regulated by the FDA

Answer 8

80% of the US food supply:
- processed food with minimal meat
- seafood
- wild game
- dairy
- infant formula
- whole egg you buy in the store

Question 9

food products regulated by the USDA

Answer 9

• catfish
• red meat
• processed foods with meat
• raw fruits and veggies
• egg products
• milk exported to another country

Question 10

who regulated animal drug classifications, extra label drug use, and animal food and feeds?

Answer 10

vet med portion of FDA

Question 11

Norovirus causes __ diarrhea and is very __ from person to person or in __. It incubates for __ hours and then you have symptoms for __ with shedding for 2 days after

Answer 11

non-bloody, contagious, food/drink, 12-48 hours, 1-3 days

Question 12

Salmonella causes __, fever and stomach cramps with ___ infections of kidneys, blood, bone, nervous system and joints possible. It incubates for __ causing symptoms for __ days and __ usually treated with antibiotics unless severs

Answer 12

diarrhea, severe, 6h-6days, 4-7 days, aren’t

Question 13

C perfringens Type A is typically the culprit when __ of people are served food kept at the incorrect __. It incubates for __ hours and has self limiting symptoms for __ hours

Answer 13

large groups, temperature, 6-24 hours, 24 hours

Question 14

Campylobacter causes ___ diarrhea, stomach cramps, and fever that is usually caused by C. ___. It incubates for __ days and then has __ days of self limiting symptoms

Answer 14

BLOODY, jejuni, 2-5, 7

Question 15

what did 40% of Gullain- barre patients have?

Answer 15

previous campylobacter infection

Question 16

Staph aureus is carried by __ of people causing diarrhea, vomit, and stomach cramps. Symptoms happen within ___ hours and last ____. Why can’t you cook it out of the food?

Answer 16

21-30%, 0.5- 6 hours, 30 minutes to 1 day

transmission of the bacteria makes a toxin that causes the disease, cooking kills bacteria but does not kill the toxin which allows symptoms to happen quickly

Question 17

E. coli (EHEC) is __ producing causing __, __ and __ in the large intestine. 10% of the bloody diarrhea leads to ____ which causes __, __, __. Theres a 3-4 d incubation period with 5-7 days of symptoms

Answer 17

shiga toxin, gastroenteritis, entercolitis, bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome, acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia

Question 18

Cyclosporiasis caused by imported basil, cilantro, etc. has __ invade the small intestine and is treated with __

Answer 18

oocyst, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 19

shigellosis from primates has a __ infective dose causing __ and __ diarrhea and can take months to feel normal afterwards

Answer 19

low, tenesmus, bloody

Question 20

yersiniosis is primarily in __ causing __ mainly by transmission from undercooked__ and treated with __ drugs

Answer 20

children, pseudoapendicitis, pork, anti diarrheal

Question 21

__ is caused by undercooked oysters or shellfish

Answer 21

vibriosis and cholera(not in US)

Question 22

Rotavirus is most common in ___ by __ transmission but there is a vaccine that can be given to prevent severe __ diarrhea, vomiting, fever and abdominal pain.

Answer 22

children, fecal-oral or food/water, watery,

Question 23

Toxoplasma gondii is given to humans by __, __ or __ with flu like symptoms or infant __ in pregnant humans. It is treated with __ and __

Answer 23

undercooked pork, cat feces, raw goat milk, eye/brain damage, anti-protozoal, sulfa antibiotics

Question 24

listeria monocytogenes intestinal illness causes __ and __ for 1-3 days during which you should prevent __

Answer 24

diarrhea and vomitting, dehydration

Question 25

listeria monocytogenes invasive illness happens __ after eating contaminated food which can cause __ in pregnant women and __ symptoms of muscle aches, headache, stiff neck, ataxia, etc. in non pregnant humans. It needs to be treated with __

Answer 25

2 weeks, abortion, severe, antibiotics

Question 26

what is the case fatality rate of listeria?

Answer 26

15.26%

Question 27

Botulism starts in the __ causing flaccid paralysis and respiratory failure with __. Infants often get it from __ but have a better prognosis than adults. It is treated with __ with a 5-10% fatality rate

Answer 27

CN, no fever, honey, anti-toxin and supp care,

Question 28

Hepatitis A symptoms are __ in young people and is from contaminate food/water or __ that causes symptoms for _ weeks and may result in __ that requires a transplant. There is a _ _ available

Answer 28

less, undercooked shellfish, 8, acute liver failure, vaccine

Question 29

Cryptosporidiosis is in __ water or calves and incubates for __ causing symptoms for __ with treatment being __

Answer 29

drinking/recreational, 7 days, 1-2 weeks, fluids

Question 30

giardiosis is the __ intestine parasitic disease with __ weeks of symptoms and risk factors include __ and __ . You may need __

Answer 30

most common, 2-6, children, travlling to poor sanitation areas (nonfiltered water), antibiotics/antiparasitics

Question 31

Leptospirosis is typically in __ water causing first phase __ signs and second phase signs of __, __, kidney failure and bleeding. Treatment can be self limiting but __ prevent progression with __ mortality

Answer 31

stagnant, flu like/GI, meningitis, kidney issues with severe liver damage, antibiotics, 5-10%