Food related health conditions Flashcards
Which part of food causes allergies?
Proteins found in food.
Name 2 types of proteins that can be allergens.
Complete proteins and incomplete proteins.
What are complete proteins?
Protein from animals and soya beans like meat, fish, poultry, organ meat, dairy products, eggs and shellfish.
What are incomplete proteins?
Vegetable proteins like legumes, nuts and seeds.
How do you prevent allergic symptoms?
Avoid eating the food that causes allergic symptoms.
What is obesity?
A condition in which excess fat accumulates in the body.
What are the consequences of obesity?
Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, some forms of cancer, stroke, high lipid levels.
How do you manage obesity?
Healthy eating habits with less kilojoules, less fat, more fruit and vegetables, white meat over red, and more fibre. Eat meals at the correct mealtimes and increase exercise.
What is anorexia nervosa?
It is a psychological eating disorder that occurs mostly in adolescent girls. They have an obsession with being skinny and will do anything to avoid eating. They literally starve themselves to death.
What are the consequences of anorexia nervosa?
Influences hormones and stunts growth; stops menstruation; influences fertility.
What are the symptoms of anorexia nervosa?
Intense fear of gaining weight; over exercising; refusal to eat
How do you manage anorexia nervosa?
Psychotherapy and a balanced, high kilojoule diet as well as taking daily zinc tablets.
What is bulimia?
An eating disorder where a person eats large amounts of food and then vomits (binging and purging) using laxatives or drugs.
What are the consequences of bulimia?
Malnutrition; vitamin and mineral deficiencies; dehydration; erosion of the teeth; damage of the vocal cords.
How do you manage bulimia?
Psychotherapy is required.
List the 5 most common food allergens.
Eggs; shellfish; soy; nuts and gluten
What are the symptoms of a triggered food allergy?
Skin rashes; nausea and vomiting; diarrhoea; stomach cramps; difficulty in breathing; swelling in the mouth and throat; decreased blood pressure; shock and even death.
What is a milk allergy?
Immune system reacts against the protein in milk. Immune system fails to recognise milk proteins as harmless.
What are the symptoms of a milk allergy?
Itchy rashes; eczema; swelling of lips, mouth, tongue, face or throat, stomach cramps, diarrhoea; vomiting; runny nose; sneezing; watering or itchy eyes; coughing and shortness of breath.
How do you manage a milk allergy?
Avoid dairy products.
What is gluten intolerance?
It is an immune mediated response to the ingestion of gluten that damages the small intestine. Nutrients pass so quickly through the small intestine that they are not absorbed.
What are the symptoms of gluten intolerance?
Diarrhoea; bloating; weight loss; chronic fatigue; weakness; anaemia; muscle cramps; projectile vomiting; dental enamel defects.
How do you manage gluten intolerance?
Gluten free diet; eliminate wheat and other grain products from you diet. Eat rice, mealies, soy beans, tapioca, potatoes, butter beans, sorghum, buckwheat, arrowroot or nut flour instead.
What is lactose intolerance?
Inability to digest large amounts of lactose which results from a shortage of the enzyme lactase, which is normally produced in the small intestine.
