Food Provenance Flashcards
What is meant by intensive farming?
Methods that produce the highest possible yield.
Yield is the amount of product we can collect.
High yield = large quantity of product
Give one disadvantage of using pesticides
They can damage the environment (pollute rivers)
Harmful to human health
Describe an alternative to using a pesticide as a method of controlling pests
Spraying crops with hot water
Biological pesticides
Introducing a pest’s natural predators ( ladybirds to eat aphids)
What is meant by organic farming?
Food is grown without the use of artificial fertilisers and pesticides. This is more expensive to produce.
What is genetically modified food?
Food where genes are altered to give it useful characteristics.
I.e. improving its growth or changing its colour
List five advantages and three disadvantages of growing GM foods.
Advantages:
- Crops can grow quicker
- Producers can get higher yields (amount)
- Food is cheaper to produce and cheap to buy
- Longer shelf life
- Crops can be made to ripen earlier than normal
Disadvantages:
- Long term effects are not known
- Negative adaptations - weedkiller resistance
- GM foods cannot be sold everywhere
Explain the difference between a factory-farmed and a free-range animal
Factory-Farmed:
Don’t have much movement - they may be in cages
Free-range:
More space to live than factory-farmed animals - free to roam
What does the Red Tractor symbol mean on food packaging?
Lets consumers know that the producer meets standards of food safety, hygiene, animal welfare and environmental protection.
Food can be traced back to the farms they came from.
Describe two different fishing methods.
Trawling
Fish-Farming
Longline Fishing
Fishing Quota
Net Size
Long line fishing
Using longline fishing methods with baited hooks.
Fishing quotas
Quotas set by governments help endangered species of fish. There are limits on the amounts of fish that can be caught.
Why would we change the net size whilst fishing?
Holes in fishing nets have a certain size so that smaller unwanted size can escape.
Reasons why PEOPLE waste food
Overcooked Spoiled Passed used by date Best before date passed Too much food was cooked Prepared incorrectly
Reasons why PRODUCERS waste food
Damaged or spoiled in transport
Not aesthetically pleasing
How can we reduce food waste?
Plan correct portion sizes
Store foods and pay attention to use-by dates
Use all contents in the fridge before buying food
Leftovers
Donate foods
What materials can we use to package food?
Using:
- Plastic
- Glass
- Metal
- Paper
How does packaging prevent food waste?
Protects food from being damaged
Preserves food from contamination
How can packaging impact the environment?
Manufacturing materials use fossil fuels which are bad for the environment.
Takes up space in landfill sites
Plastics take a long time to decompose
Litter is hazardous to animals
How can we reduce an environmental impact?
Recycling
Biodegradable packaging
Food miles?
The distance food travels from where its produced to a consumer.
i.e. green beans bought in the UK are produced in Kenya
How can we reduce food miles?
Buying food locally
Markets, greengrocers
What is a carbon footprint?
The impact your lifestyle has on the environment - the number of greenhouse gases you directly/indirectly produce (heat/ electricity/ transport)
How can we reduce carbon footprint?
Using public transport, walking or cycling
Waste less electricity at home
Buy food that is in season to reduce food miles
What are the risks of climate change?
More extreme weather (tornadoes, hurricanes)
Drought
Flooding
Affect growth of crops (lower yields)
Pests and microorganisms can reproduce easily and access areas that were previously cold
What factors can affect how much food is available?
Climate
Insufficient land
Wealth
Rising population
Due to the increasing demand for food, how can we increase food supplies?
Genetically modified food
Eating less meat
Reducing food waste
How is fruit processed?
seeds removed
grapes are squeezed to make raisins
How are vegetables processed?
Washed with water to remove dirt, insects and chemical sprays
Sorted into different sizes
Peeled
How is poultry processed?
Feathers and internal organs are removed
Wings and legs are tied
How is meat processed?
Chopped, sliced or cut
What is secondary processing?
Where one food is turned into another
Milk into cheese
Fruit into Jam
Flour into Pasta
What is fortification?
This is where nutrients are added to food to improve the nutritional value of the food
What are examples of foods that undergo fortification?
Cereal - added iron, thiamin and folic acid
White flour - added iron, thiamin
Margarine - added vitamin A and D
